{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:30:49Z","timestamp":1783488649981,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434672000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Science and Technology Development Program of Shandong Province","award":["2012GSF11859"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012GSF11859"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchiectasis is a chronic respiratory disease with diverse causes that may differ in clinical features and thus treatment options. However, few large\u2010scale studies on the aetiology of bronchiectasis are currently available. This study aims to determine aetiology and clinical features of bronchiectasis in a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>an population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study enrolled adult patients diagnosed with bronchiectasis as confirmed by high\u2010resolution computed tomography at five general hospitals in Shandong from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary 2010 to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>ugust 2014. Causes of bronchiectasis were sought by analysis of clinical history and auxiliary examinations (including serum immunoglobulin determination, saccharin test, Aspergillus skin prick test, autoantibody detection and electronic bronchoscopy).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 476 adult patients with bronchiectasis were included, and all patients were of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>an ethnicity. Idiopathic (66.0%) was the most common cause, followed by post\u2010tuberculosis (16.0%). Other uncommon causes included post\u2010infective (3.8%), immunodeficiency (3.8%), allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (4.0%), rheumatic diseases (4.4%) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (0.9%). Patients with post\u2010tuberculosis bronchiectasis had a higher frequency of upper lobe involvement (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Cylindrical bronchiectasis was the most common type of all causes, with varicose bronchiectasis occurring more frequently in post\u2010tuberculosis bronchiectasis and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). However, patients with different causes did not differ in lung function and sputum isolation rate of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content><jats:italic>seudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>hinese <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>an population in Shandong, idiopathic bronchiectasis is the most common form of bronchiectasis followed by post\u2010tuberculosis bronchiectasis. Patients with different causes differ in distribution and pattern of bronchiectasis on computed tomography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T09:02:27Z","timestamp":1434704547000},"page":"917-924","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Aetiology and clinical characteristics of patients with bronchiectasis in a <scp>C<\/scp>hinese <scp>H<\/scp>an population: A prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Disease Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Disease Chengdu Second People's Hospital  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Disease Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Disease Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Disease Qilu Hospital of Shandong University  Jinan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201303-0411CI"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.4.9906120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.05.00127704"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-1024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2010.136119"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1817-1737.82443"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"50","article-title":"Normative values of pulmonary function testing in Chinese adults","volume":"115","author":"Zheng JP","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin. 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