{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:40:59Z","timestamp":1787611259809,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]],"date-time":"2015-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435622400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University","award":["ITR0961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ITR0961"]}]},{"name":"The National Key Technology R&D Program of the 12th National Five-year Development Plan","award":["2012BAI05B01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAI05B01"]}]},{"name":"National Key Scientific & Technology Support Program","award":["2013BAI09B09"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013BAI09B09"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81400010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81400010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Projects for Medical Doctors and Researchers from Overseas, Guangzhou Medical University","award":["2014C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014C21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>The triplet of airway infection, inflammation and bronchial wall destruction associated with excessive matrix metalloproteinases (MMP<\/jats:styled-content>) release and imbalance of tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase\u20101 (TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101) is implicated in bronchiectasis. We sought to determine the associations between sputum MMP<\/jats:styled-content> (MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109) and TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 and the severity of bronchiectasis; the utility of MMP<\/jats:styled-content> in predicting risks of future bronchiectasis exacerbations (BE<\/jats:styled-content>); and the changes in MMP<\/jats:styled-content> levels during BE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We recruited 102 patients with stable bronchiectasis and 22 healthy subjects. For bronchiectasis patients, baseline measurements consisted of sputum inflammation and MMP<\/jats:styled-content> measurements, bacterial culture, spirometry and chest high\u2010resolution computed tomography (HRCT<\/jats:styled-content>). Bronchiectasis patients were followed up for 1 year to determine the frequency of BE<\/jats:styled-content>. Changes in MMP<\/jats:styled-content> levels during BE<\/jats:styled-content> were assessed in 36 bronchiectasis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Sputum MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 and MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109\/TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 ratio in bronchiectasis patients were significantly increased compared with healthy subjects. MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108 and MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 levels, but not TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101, were positively correlated with clinical measures, including HRCT<\/jats:styled-content> scores, spirometry and B<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>ronchiectasis<\/jats:italic>\u2005S<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>everity<\/jats:italic>\u2005I<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>ndex<\/jats:italic>. Seventy\u2010nine bronchiectasis patients were included in survival analyses of BE<\/jats:styled-content>. Lower levels of baseline MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109 were associated with reduced risks of and a longer time to the first BE<\/jats:styled-content> during follow\u2010up. MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108 and MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109, but not TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 or MMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109\/TIMP<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101 ratio, were significantly heightened during BE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Sputum MMP<\/jats:styled-content> might be useful biomarkers for the assessment of bronchiectasis severity and the prediction of future risks of BE<\/jats:styled-content>. Our results provide the rationales for the future clinical application of MMP<\/jats:styled-content> inhibitors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]],"date-time":"2015-06-30T07:38:50Z","timestamp":1435649930000},"page":"1073-1081","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Sputum matrix metalloproteinase\u20108 and \u20109 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase\u20101 in bronchiectasis: Clinical correlates and prognostic implications"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Wei\u2010jie","family":"Guan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong\u2010hua","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics Medicine Guangzhou First People's Hospital Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi\u2010ya","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying\u2010ying","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gui\u2010hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Panyu Central Hospital 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Respiratory Medicine State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012519"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.02.00282402"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.106.4.1129"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.107.6.1641"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12219"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00492.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201411-513OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"384","article-title":"Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase\u20101 in the airways of bronchiectasis 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