{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:18:30Z","timestamp":1788999510314,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]],"date-time":"2015-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["R01NR010828"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NR010828"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>Patients with healthcare\u2010associated pneumonia (HCAP<\/jats:styled-content>) are at high risk of infection with multidrug\u2010resistant (MDR<\/jats:styled-content>) pathogens. Factors discriminating infection with MDR G<\/jats:styled-content>ram\u2010negative (MDR\u2010GN<\/jats:styled-content>) organism from infection with methicillin\u2010resistant S<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>taphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA<\/jats:styled-content>) are not well understood and patients are often treated for both organisms. This study was performed to determine risk factors predicting pneumonia due to P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> versus MRSA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Veterans age \u226565 hospitalized with HCAP<\/jats:styled-content> between 2002 and 2012 were identified from the V<\/jats:styled-content>eterans A<\/jats:styled-content>ffairs administrative databases. Patients were identified with P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> pneumonia, MRSA<\/jats:styled-content> pneumonia or neither according to the I<\/jats:styled-content>nternational C<\/jats:styled-content>lassification of D<\/jats:styled-content>iseases, 9th R<\/jats:styled-content>evision, C<\/jats:styled-content>linical M<\/jats:styled-content>odification codes. We assessed unadjusted and adjusted associations of patient characteristics and HCAP<\/jats:styled-content> due to P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> or MRSA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of the 61\u2009651 patients with HCAP<\/jats:styled-content>, 1156 (1.9%) were diagnosed with P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> pneumonia, 641 (1.0%) with MRSA<\/jats:styled-content> pneumonia and 59\u2009854 (97.1%) with neither. MRSA<\/jats:styled-content> pneumonia was positively associated with male gender, age >74, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD<\/jats:styled-content>), recent nursing home or hospital stay, recent exposure to fluoroquinolone or antibiotics treating Gram\u2010positive organisms, and severe pneumonia. MRSA<\/jats:styled-content> pneumonia was negatively associated with complicated diabetes. P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> pneumonia was positively associated with recent hospital stay, immunocompromise, COPD<\/jats:styled-content>, hemiplegia, recent exposure to inhaled corticosteroids, \u03b2\u2010lactam\/cephalosporin\/carbapenem antibiotics, antibiotics against Gram\u2010positive organisms, \u2018other antibiotics\u2019 and severe pneumonia. P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> pneumonia was negatively associated with age >84, higher socioeconomic status, drug abuse and diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Patient characteristics may assist in identifying patients at risk for HCAP<\/jats:styled-content> due to P<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>seudomonas<\/jats:italic> or MRSA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]],"date-time":"2015-10-08T08:48:51Z","timestamp":1444294131000},"page":"157-163","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Predictors of P<\/i><\/scp>seudomonas<\/i> and methicillin\u2010resistant S<\/i><\/scp>taphylococcus aureus<\/i> in hospitalized patients with healthcare\u2010associated pneumonia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Mark L.","family":"Metersky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine University of Connecticut School of Medicine Farmington Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher R.","family":"Frei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacotherapy Division College of Pharmacy The University of Texas at Austin Austin USA"},{"name":"Pharmacotherapy Education and Research Center School of Medicine The University of Texas Health Science Center School of Medicine San Antonio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric M.","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VA North Texas Health Care System and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200405-644ST"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2012.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12132"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/526355"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00141110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit734"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0b013e328329fa4e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.6.3854"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-1357"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir813"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.20.2205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0723"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit571"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201301-0079OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-013-0557-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/653053"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e318239cf0a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jhm.2080"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","first-page":"A1779","article-title":"The need for NLP: limitations of diagnostic coding for population studies of pneumonia","volume":"191","author":"Jones BE","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. 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