{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T20:05:15Z","timestamp":1771617915197,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,23]],"date-time":"2015-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450828800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001828","name":"Erasmus University Rotterdam","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001828","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001826","name":"Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Preterm birth, low birth weight and rapid infant weight gain are associated with increased risks of asthma symptoms in childhood. The underlying mechanism may include persistently higher airway resistance (Rint). The aim of our study was to examine the associations of longitudinally measured foetal and infant growth characteristics with Rint and asthma outcomes in school\u2010age children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was embedded in a population\u2010based prospective cohort study in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>otterdam, The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">N<\/jats:styled-content>etherlands. Foetal growth was estimated by ultrasound in the second and third trimesters. Infant growth was measured at birth, 3, 6 and 12 months. At age 6 years, Rint was measured, and information about wheezing and asthma was obtained by questionnaires. The number of subjects per analysis differed per available outcome (3954\u20135066 subjects).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Longitudinal growth analyses showed that school\u2010age children with increased Rint had lower foetal length growth and weight gain, and lower infant length growth. Children with persistent wheezing until age 6 years and physician\u2010diagnosed asthma had a higher Rint compared with children who never wheezed or without asthma (difference <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores Rint: 0.58 (0.19, 0.97) and 0.55 (0.15, 0.95), respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rint in school\u2010age children is influenced by foetal growth restriction and is associated with asthma outcomes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/resp.12794\/abstract\">See Editorial, page 574<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,24]],"date-time":"2015-12-24T02:39:03Z","timestamp":1450924743000},"page":"674-682","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Foetal and infant growth patterns, airway resistance and school\u2010age asthma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Agnes M.M.","family":"Sonnenschein\u2010van der Voort","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Respiratory Medicine Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Romy","family":"Gaillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johan C.","family":"de Jongste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Respiratory Medicine Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Hofman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent W.V.","family":"Jaddoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Generation R Study Group Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Liesbeth","family":"Duijts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Respiratory Medicine Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Division of Neonatology Erasmus University Medical Center  Rotterdam The 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