{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T06:45:46Z","timestamp":1778654746993,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,17]],"date-time":"2016-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1466121600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","award":["627227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["627227"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100003305","name":"The ResMed Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100003305","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine correlates of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) identified with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and a more broad definition, while accounting for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in community dwelling men.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants of the Men Androgens Inflammation Lifestyle Environment and Stress (MAILES) Study (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009837, \u2265\u200940\u2009years) without a prior OSA diagnosis, underwent in\u2010home full unattended polysomnography (PSG, Embletta X100), completed the ESS, STOP questionnaire and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in 2010\u20132011. In 2007\u20132010, questionnaires and biomedical assessment (in South Australian public hospital\u2010based clinics) identified medical conditions. An alternate EDS definition (EDS<jats:sub>Alt<\/jats:sub>) consisted of\u2009\u2265\u20092 of 3 problems (feeling sleepy sitting quietly; feeling tired\/fatigued\/sleepy; trouble staying awake).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>EDS<jats:sub>Alt<\/jats:sub> (30.4%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009253), but not ESS\u2009\u2265\u200911 (EDS<jats:sub>ESS<\/jats:sub>, 12.6%, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009104), increased significantly across OSA severity and body mass index categories. In adjusted analyses, EDS<jats:sub>ESS<\/jats:sub> was significantly associated with depression: odds ratio (OR), 95%CI: 2.2 (1.3\u20133.8) and nocturia: 2.0 (1.3\u20133.2). EDS<jats:sub>Alt<\/jats:sub> was associated with depression, financial stress, relationship, work\u2010life balance problems and associations with nocturia and diabetes were borderline. After excluding men with EDS<jats:sub>ESS<\/jats:sub>, EDS<jats:sub>Alt<\/jats:sub> was associated with oxygen desaturation index (3%)\u2009\u2265\u200916 and the highest arousal index quartile but not with comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sleepiness not necessarily leading to dozing, but not ESS\u2009\u2265\u200911, was related to sleep disordered breathing. Clinicians should be alert to (1) differing perspectives of sleepiness for investigation and treatment of OSA, and (2) the presence of depression and nocturia in men presenting with significant Epworth sleepiness regardless of the presence of OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,17]],"date-time":"2016-06-17T07:05:23Z","timestamp":1466147123000},"page":"1314-1321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Association of daytime sleepiness with obstructive sleep apnoea and comorbidities varies by sleepiness definition in a population cohort of men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Adams","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Woodville South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah L.","family":"Appleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Woodville South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Freemasons Centre for Men's Health, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Vakulin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, a Flinders Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"},{"name":"NHMRC Centre for Integrated Research and Understanding of Sleep (CIRUS), Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Central Clinical School University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Woodville South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean A.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freemasons Centre for Men's Health, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne W.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Research &amp; Outcomes Studies, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. Doug","family":"McEvoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, a Flinders Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Flinders University  Bedford Park, Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick A.","family":"Antic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, a Flinders Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Flinders University  Bedford Park, Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Catcheside","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, a Flinders Centre of Research Excellence, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Flinders University  Bedford Park South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Flinders University  Bedford Park, Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary A.","family":"Wittert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Woodville South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Freemasons Centre for Men's Health, Discipline of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","first-page":"1071","article-title":"Sleep disordered breathing and mortality: eighteen\u2010year follow\u2010up of the Wisconsin sleep cohort","volume":"31","author":"Young T","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/28.4.472"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00043-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201406-1136OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005-0035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-013-0907-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2008.02.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.1.111"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2015.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2011.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2144","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea in a Danish population of men and women aged 60\u201380 years with nocturia","volume":"8","author":"Bing MH","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. 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