{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T18:42:55Z","timestamp":1792608175596,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1471910400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABSTRACT<\/jats:styled-content>\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Yellow nail syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YNS<\/jats:styled-content>) is a rare and poorly described disease process. In this case\u2013control study, clinical features and findings on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRCT<\/jats:styled-content> were compared with idiopathic bronchiectasis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBx<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A review of all patients attending an adult bronchiectasis clinic between 2007 and 2013 identified 25 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YNS<\/jats:styled-content> patients. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBx<\/jats:styled-content> patients were matched in a 2:1 ratio for age, duration of symptoms and gender.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median age of onset was 53\u2009years. There were 12 male and 23 Caucasian <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YNS<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Respiratory manifestations included chronic productive cough (100%), chronic rhinosinusitis (88%), pleural effusions (20%) and lymphoedema (12%). Chest symptoms preceded yellow nails in the majority (68%). Abnormal nails persisted at follow\u2010up in 23 of 25 patients but improved in 14.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In both disorders, there was symmetrical, predominantly lower lobe bronchiectasis on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRCT<\/jats:styled-content>. Extent (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04), severity (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03) and bronchial wall thickness (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) scores were lower in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YNS<\/jats:styled-content>, with less upper and middle lobe disease. Multivariate analysis showed an independent association with increased mucus plugging in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YNS<\/jats:styled-content>. There was a similar prevalence of <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> infection and mild lung function abnormalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bronchiectasis in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">YNS<\/jats:styled-content> is less severe than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IBx<\/jats:styled-content> but is associated with increased mucus plugging, onset is in middle age and there is no female predominance. Treatment targeted at improved secretion clearance may improve both chest and nail symptoms, with consideration of long\u2010term macrolide antibiotics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T14:56:49Z","timestamp":1471964209000},"page":"101-107","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Bronchiectasis in yellow nail syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Georgia","family":"Woodfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Defence Unit Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitzi","family":"Nisbet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Defence Unit Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Loebinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Defence Unit Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Hansell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Department Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Athol U.","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interstitial Lung Disease Unit Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Host Defence Unit Royal Brompton Hospital  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1964.tb14499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.73.862.466"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.21.3.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"371","article-title":"Yellow nail syndrome","volume":"37","author":"Gupta A","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cutis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07619.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.01.17101490"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.08-0137"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2006.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004728-198206000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-202538"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.165.2.7618537"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201507-472OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1994.tb01222.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07894.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","first-page":"A4535","article-title":"Characterization of idiopathic bronchiectasis in patients with and without pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease","volume":"187","author":"Smith C","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. 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