{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T12:36:35Z","timestamp":1772627795674,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]],"date-time":"2016-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Direction de la Recherche Clinique et du D\u00e9veloppement"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002738","name":"Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CRC07028-DYSPNEE2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRC07028-DYSPNEE2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ABSTRACT<\/jats:styled-content>\n<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dyspnoea in pulmonary embolism (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content>) remains poorly characterized. Little is known about how to measure intensity or about the underlying mechanisms that may be related to ventilatory abnormalities, alveolar dead space ventilation or modulating factors such as psychological modulate. We hypothesized that dyspnoea would mainly be associated with pulmonary vascular obstruction and its pathophysiological consequences, while the sensory\u2010affective domain of dyspnoea would be influenced by other factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We undertook a prospective study of 90 consecutive non\u2010obese patients (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content> age: 49\u2009\u00b1\u200916\u2009years, 41 women) without cardiorespiratory disease. All patients were hospitalized with symptoms for &lt;15\u2009days and a confirmed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> (multi\u2010detector computed tomography (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDCT<\/jats:styled-content>) scan, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200987 and high\u2010probability ventilation\/perfusion scan, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093). Patients underwent assessment of dyspnoea using the Borg score, modified Medical Research Council (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mMRC<\/jats:styled-content>) scale, assessment of psychological trait, state of anxiety and depression and chest pain via the Visual Analogical Scale at the time of maximum dyspnoea. Functional evaluations such as the quantitative ventilation\u2013perfusion lung scan, echocardiography, alveolar dead space fraction and tidal ventilation measurements were completed within 48\u2009h of admission.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariate analyses demonstrated that dyspnoea was mainly linked to pulmonary vascular obstruction and\/or its consequences such as raised pulmonary arterial pressure and chest pain. The sensory\u2010affective domain of dyspnoea showed additional determinants such as age, depression and breathing variability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dyspnoea is mainly related to vascular consequences of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PE<\/jats:styled-content> such as increased pulmonary arterial pressure or chest pain. The sensory\u2010affective domain of dyspnoea also correlates with age, depression and breathing variability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]],"date-time":"2016-11-25T12:13:36Z","timestamp":1480076016000},"page":"771-777","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Pathophysiology of dyspnoea in acute pulmonary embolism: A cross\u2010sectional evaluation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Olivier","family":"Sanchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Paris City, Medical School Paris Descartes University  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aurore","family":"Caumont\u2010Prim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology and Clinical Research Unit AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"},{"name":"Epidemiological Centre of Investigation 4 INSERM  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Riant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Plantier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris City, Medical School Paris Descartes University  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Physiology \u2013 Dyspnea Clinic AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Dres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Louis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM  Cr\u00e9teil France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie\u2010Anne","family":"Collignon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit AP\u2010HP, Georges\u2010Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benoit","family":"Diebold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris City, Medical School Paris Descartes University  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"},{"name":"Sorbonne Paris City, Medical School Paris Descartes University  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudine","family":"Peiffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology \u2013 Dyspnea Clinic AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Delclaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Paris City, Medical School Paris Descartes University  Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Physiology \u2013 Dyspnea Clinic AP\u2010HP, Georges Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"},{"name":"Clinical Investigation Centre 9201, AP\u2010HP\/INSERM Georges\u2010Pompidou European Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.112.4.974"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(02)01212-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200802-207OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199512073332307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"Task Force for Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension of European Society of Cardiology (ESC);European Respiratory Society (ERS);International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT);Gali\u00e8N HoeperMM HumbertM TorbickiA VachieryJ\u2010L BarberaJA BeghettiM CorrisP GaineS GibbsJSet al. 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