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Given demographic and environmental changes, prevalence for each is likely to increase. Although exact numbers are not known, based on chance alone, many people will be affected by both lower airways obstruction and concomitant upper airway obstruction during sleep. Some recent studies suggest that there is a reciprocal interaction, with chronic lung disease predisposing to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> worsening control and outcomes from chronic lung disease. Thus, the combination of wake and sleep respiratory disorders can create an overlap syndrome with unique pathophysiological, diagnostic and therapeutic concerns. Although much work needs to be done, given the above, Respirologists, Sleep Medicine and Primary Care providers must be vigilant for overlap syndromes. Accurate diagnosis of, for example, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> as a cause of nocturnal symptoms in a patient with asthma is likely to limit further ineffective titration of medications for asthma. Moreover, prompt treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content> in the overlap syndromes will not only offer symptomatic benefit of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OSA<\/jats:styled-content>, but also improve symptoms and healthcare resource utilization attributable to obstructive lung disease, and in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">COPD<\/jats:styled-content>, it may reduce mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,5]],"date-time":"2017-07-05T10:49:04Z","timestamp":1499251744000},"page":"1073-1083","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["The overlaps of asthma or <scp>COPD<\/scp> with <scp>OSA<\/scp>: <scp>A<\/scp> focused review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6515-6204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert L.","family":"Owens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine University of California San Diego  La Jolla California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madalina M.","family":"Macrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Salem Veterans Affairs Medical Center  Salem Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Teodorescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, James B. 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