{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T16:44:36Z","timestamp":1778863476340,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007312","name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Drug\u2010resistant pathogen (DRP) risk stratification is important for choosing a treatment strategy for community\u2010onset pneumonia. Evidence for benefits of non\u2010antipseudomonal \u03b2\u2010lactam plus macrolide combination therapy (BLM) on mortality is limited in patients at low DRP risk. Risk factors for mortality remain to be clarified.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post hoc analysis using a prospective multicentre study cohort of community\u2010onset pneumonia was performed to assess 30\u2010day differences in mortality between non\u2010antipseudomonal \u03b2\u2010lactam monotherapy (BL) and BLM groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the therapeutic effect and risk factors for mortality in patients at low DRP risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In total, 594 patients with community\u2010onset pneumonia at low DRP risk (369 BL and 225 BLM) were analysed. The 30\u2010day mortality in BL and BLM was 13.8% and 1.8%, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Multivariate analysis showed that BLM reduced the 30\u2010day mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09\u20130.87) compared with BL. Independent prognostic factors for 30\u2010day mortality included arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      )\u2009&gt;\u200950\u2009mm\u2009Hg, white blood cell count\u2009&lt;\u20094000\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      , non\u2010ambulatory status, albumin\u2009&lt;\u20093.0\u2009g\/dL, haematocrit\u2009&lt;\u200930%, age\u2009\u2265\u200980\u2009years, respiratory rate\u2009&gt;\u200925\/min and body temperature\u2009&lt;\u200936\u00b0C.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In patients with community\u2010onset pneumonia at low DRP risk, BLM treatment reduced 30\u2010day mortality compared with BL. Independent risk factors for mortality are potential confounding factors when assessing antibiotic effects in randomized clinical trials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]],"date-time":"2017-12-14T07:16:40Z","timestamp":1513235800000},"page":"526-534","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Mortality in patients with community\u2010onset pneumonia at low risk of drug\u2010resistant pathogens: Impact of \u03b2\u2010lactam plus macrolide combination therapy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0908-9438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junya","family":"Okumura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0207-9483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuichiro","family":"Shindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunihiko","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Sano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuteru","family":"Sugino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Toyota Memorial Hospital  Toyota Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Yagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Nagoya University Hospital  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9718-0711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Tosei General Hospital  Seto Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Saka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine National Hospital Organization, Nagoya Medical Center  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeyuki","family":"Matsui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinori","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Central Japan Lung Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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