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TB in the older patients is more difficult to diagnose in the early course of disease, and has poorer treatment outcomes, largely as increased failure and death. More drug\u2010induced adverse reactions are also experienced by this population during TB therapy. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are now well recognized to be associated with the ageing process, and it is likely that the cellular and molecular perturbations interact inextricably with the immunological dysfunction biophysiologically inherent to ageing. These underlying mechanistic bases putatively contribute to the development of TB in the geriatric population and worsen the disease outcomes, especially when the TB is compounded by co\u2010morbid conditions such as smoking and diabetes mellitus. Unravelling these mechanisms further would yield knowledge that might potentially help to prevent reactivated TB in older people, and also to better manage the established disease with drug regimens and other new therapeutic strategies. In addition, addressing the social elements associated with geriatric TB is also imperative in the relief of individual patient suffering and improvement of overall disease control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,2]],"date-time":"2018-04-02T00:33:51Z","timestamp":1522629231000},"page":"567-575","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Epidemiological, clinical and mechanistic perspectives of tuberculosis in older people"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Wing W.","family":"Yew","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7278-8816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Yoshiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Japan Anti Tuberculosis Association The Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Fukujuji Hospital  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9699-9730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi C.","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health, Tuberculosis and Chest Service Centre for Health Protection  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0867-1322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise P.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.00079310"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-3879(82)80013-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268897007917"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir951"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","first-page":"392","article-title":"The natural history of childhood intra\u2010thoracic tuberculosis: a critical review of literature from the pre\u2010chemotherapy era","volume":"8","author":"Marais BJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. 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