{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:07:46Z","timestamp":1790172466059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001528","name":"Wellington Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001528","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010invasive ventilation (NIV) is part of the standard of care for hypercapnic respiratory failure secondary to COPD, but may be poorly tolerated. Preliminary evidence suggests nasal high\u2010flow (NHF) therapy may improve hypercapnia in COPD and be well tolerated. We compared NHF and NIV in people with COPD and chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010blind randomized controlled two\u2010way cross\u2010over single\u2010centre trial was conducted in New Zealand. Twenty\u2010four participants with stable hypercapnic COPD received: NHF at 45\u2009L\/min and NIV at 15\/4 cm H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, each for 60\u2009min with a 15\u2010min washout in between. The primary outcome was transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PtCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) at 60\u2009min, adjusted for baseline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>NIV reduced the PtCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> more than NHF (mean (SD) at 60\u2009min by \u22125.3 (5.0) vs \u22122.5 (3.5) mm Hg; difference: \u22122.8 (\u22125.0 to \u22120.5) <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.021). Difference across all time points was \u22122.5\u2009mm Hg (95% CI \u22124.5 to \u22120.5, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.016). There was no significant difference in the proportion of participants with a reduction of PtCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2009\u2265\u20094 or\u2009\u2265\u20098\u2009mm Hg. Participants rated NHF significantly better for ease of application, comfort and fit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In stable COPD patients with chronic hypercapnia, NIV resulted in a greater reduction in PtCO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> compared with NHF, which was of uncertain clinical significance. NHF was better tolerated than NIV and may be a therapeutic option for some people with hypercapnic respiratory failure.Clinical Trial Registration: ACTRN12616001701415 at <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/www.anzctr.org.au\">www.anzctr.org.au<\/jats:ext-link><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,13]],"date-time":"2019-05-13T19:01:01Z","timestamp":1557774061000},"page":"1081-1087","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Nasal high\u2010flow therapy compared with non\u2010invasive ventilation in COPD patients with chronic respiratory failure: A randomized controlled cross\u2010over trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4497-6892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven","family":"McKinstry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Victoria University of Wellington  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Capital and Coast District Health Board  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Singer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Pieter","family":"Baarsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"University of Groningen  Groningen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Weatherall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital and Coast District Health Board  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"University of Otago Wellington  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0337-406X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Beasley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Victoria University of Wellington  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Capital and Coast District Health Board  Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9148-196X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Fingleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute of New Zealand  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Victoria University of Wellington  Wellington New Zealand"},{"name":"Capital and Coast District Health Board  Wellington New 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