{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T19:05:08Z","timestamp":1793387108920,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1042601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1042601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1154302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1154302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP1170958"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1170958"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Long\u2010term data on children with PBB has been identified as a research priority. We describe the 5\u2010year outcomes for children with PBB to ascertain the presence of chronic respiratory disease (bronchiectasis, recurrent PBB and asthma) and identify the risk factors for these.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective cohort study was undertaken at the Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia, of 166 children with PBB and 28 controls (undergoing bronchoscopy for symptoms other than chronic wet cough). Monitoring was by monthly contact via research staff. Clinical review, spirometry and CT chest were performed as clinically indicated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 194 children were included in the analysis. Median duration of follow\u2010up was 59\u2009months (IQR: 50\u201371\u2009months) post\u2010index PBB episode, 67.5% had ongoing symptoms and 9.6% had bronchiectasis. Significant predictors of bronchiectasis were recurrent PBB in year 1 of follow\u2010up (OR\n                      <jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>\n                      =\u20099.6, 95% CI: 1.8\u201350.1) and the presence of\n                      <jats:italic>Haemophilus influenzae<\/jats:italic>\n                      in the BAL (OR\n                      <jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>\n                      =\u20095.1, 95% CI: 1.4\u201319.1). Clinician\u2010diagnosed asthma at final follow\u2010up was present in 27.1% of children with PBB. A significant BDR (FEV\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      improvement &gt;12%) was obtained in 63.5% of the children who underwent reversibility testing. Positive allergen\u2010specific IgE (OR\n                      <jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>\n                      =\u200914.8, 95% CI: 2.2\u2013100.8) at baseline and bronchomalacia (OR\n                      <jats:sub>adj<\/jats:sub>\n                      =\u20095.9, 95% CI: 1.2\u201329.7) were significant predictors of asthma diagnosis. Spirometry parameters were in the normal range.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>As a significant proportion of children with PBB have ongoing symptoms at 5\u2009years, and outcomes include bronchiectasis and asthma, they should be carefully followed up clinically. Defining biomarkers, endotypes and mechanistic studies elucidating the different outcomes are now required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]],"date-time":"2020-10-12T17:05:42Z","timestamp":1602522342000},"page":"241-248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Outcomes of protracted bacterial bronchitis in children: A 5\u2010year prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9925-5262","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom J.C.","family":"Ruffles","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Centre for Children's Health Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane QLD Australia"},{"name":"Academic Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital Brighton and Sussex Medical School  Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie M.","family":"Marchant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Centre for Children's Health Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian B.","family":"Masters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Centre for Children's Health Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie T.","family":"Yerkovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle F.","family":"Wurzel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute; Respiratory and Sleep Medicine The Royal Children's Hospital  Melbourne VIC Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5865-489X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter G.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle  Newcastle NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1228-2274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greta","family":"Busch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Centre for Children's Health Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4240-6581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine J.","family":"Baines","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle  Newcastle NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3626-680X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodie L.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute The University of Newcastle  Newcastle NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi C.","family":"Smith\u2010Vaughan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research  Darwin NT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Pizzutto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research  Darwin NT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen M.","family":"Buntain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Centre for Children's Health Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory","family":"Hodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital and School of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9401-298X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra","family":"Hodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Chronic Inflammatory Lung Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital and School of Medicine University of Adelaide  Adelaide SA Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W.","family":"Upham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute and Princess Alexandra Hospital  Brisbane QLD Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1331-3706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne B.","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Queensland Children's Hospital, Centre for Children's Health Research Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane QLD Australia"},{"name":"Child Health Division Menzies School of Health Research  Darwin NT Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00290.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.15-2065"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/atm.ATM_12_17"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.1986P11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2007.077370"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.01.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(15)00243-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.23351"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0042-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31554-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02139-2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03949.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-1763"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"National Asthma Council Australia.Australian Asthma Handbook Version 2.0. Melbourne: National Asthma Council Australia 2019. Available from URL:http:\/\/www.asthmahandbook.org.au"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.12101"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2019.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-020-0802-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20821"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","unstructured":"National Health Survey.First Results Australia 2014\u201015. Canberra Australia: Australian Bureau of Statistics;2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.058933"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","first-page":"125","article-title":"Accuracy of specific IgE in the prediction of asthma: development of a scoring formula for general practice","volume":"55","author":"Eysink PE","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Gen. Pract."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2009.126912"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.5.3391"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.20906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0131"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9230234"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.061358"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0100645"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0104236"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2015.10.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0496(199812)26:6<389::AID-PPUL3>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.84.1.42"}],"container-title":["Respirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/resp.13950","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/resp.13950","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/resp.13950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,2]],"date-time":"2023-09-02T14:50:02Z","timestamp":1693666202000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/resp.13950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/resp.13950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/resp.13950","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1323-7799","1440-1843"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1323-7799","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1843","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-10-12","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}