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ILD can occur in all CTD (CTD\u2010ILD), and may vary from limited, non\u2010progressive lung involvement, to fulminant, life\u2010threatening disease. Given the potential for major adverse outcomes in CTD\u2010ILD, accurate diagnosis, assessment and careful consideration of therapeutic intervention are a priority. Limited data are available to guide management decisions in CTD\u2010ILD. Autoimmune\u2010mediated pulmonary inflammation is considered a key pathobiological pathway in these disorders, and immunosuppressive therapy is generally regarded the cornerstone of treatment for severe and\/or progressive CTD\u2010ILD. However, the natural history of CTD\u2010ILD in individual patients can be difficult to predict, and deciding who to treat, when and with what agent can be challenging. Establishing realistic therapeutic goals from both the patient and clinician perspective requires considerable expertise. The document aims to provide a framework for clinicians to aid in the assessment and management of ILD in the major CTD. A suggested approach to diagnosis and monitoring of CTD\u2010ILD and, where available, evidence\u2010based, disease\u2010specific approaches to treatment have been provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T06:28:42Z","timestamp":1606285722000},"page":"23-51","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":78,"title":["Diagnosis and management of connective tissue disease\u2010associated interstitial lung disease in Australia and New Zealand: A position statement from the Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand*"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2844-4370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adelle S.","family":"Jee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Royal Prince Alfred Hospital  Sydney NSW Australia"},{"name":"Central Clinical 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