{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T08:05:27Z","timestamp":1792483527866,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exercise capacity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is limited by exercise\u2010induced hypoxaemia. This study aimed to examine the effect of high\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) on exercise tolerance in patients with IPF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a single\u2010centre, open\u2010label, randomized crossover trial to compare HFNC and Venturi mask (VM) therapy in terms of exercise tolerance. Patients underwent constant\u2010load symptom\u2010limited exercise testing at 80% peak work rate with HFNC or a VM in a randomized order. The settings were 60\u2009L\/min and a 50% fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) for HFNC and 12\u2009L\/min and 50% FiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for VM. The primary outcome was endurance time, and the secondary outcomes were heart rate (HR), percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), dyspnoea and leg fatigue, as determined by the modified Borg Scale at the isotime and endpoint, and the level of comfort while using the devices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010four participants (75.0% men; age, median [interquartile range]: 77.5 [68.8\u201383.0] years) were enrolled. Compared with VM, HFNC significantly improved the endurance time (647.5\u00a0s [454.0\u20131014.8] vs. 577.5\u2009s [338.0\u2013861.5]), minimum SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (96.0% [95.0\u201398.0] vs. 94.0% [92.8\u201396.0]) and leg fatigue at the isotime (3.0 [1.6\u20134.0] vs. 5.0 [3.0\u20136.3]) and endpoint (4.0 [2.8\u20135.0] vs. 5.0 [3.8\u20136.3]). Differences in maximum HR, dyspnoea at the isotime and endpoint and comfort were non\u2010significant between HFNC and VM therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>HFNC increased exercise tolerance in patients with stable IPF experiencing exercise\u2010induced hypoxaemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T04:25:32Z","timestamp":1635913532000},"page":"144-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effect of high\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy on exercise tolerance in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A randomized crossover trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4788-5286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jumpei","family":"Harada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital  Kobe Japan"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9980-2086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuma","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital  Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6844-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeshi","family":"Morimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Center Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital  Kobe Japan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology Hyogo College of Medicine  Nishinomiya 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