{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T16:13:12Z","timestamp":1790698392726,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018853","name":"Prince Charles Hospital Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018853","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An epidemic of silicosis has emerged due to a failure to control risks associated with exposure to high\u2010silica content respirable dust generated while working with artificial stone products. Methods for quantification of alveolar crystal burden are needed to advance our understanding of the pathobiology of silica\u2010related lung injury as well as assisting in the diagnosis, clinical management and prognostication of affected workers. The objective of this study was to develop and validate novel methods to quantify alveolar crystal burden in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from patients with artificial stone silicosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>New methods to quantify and analyse alveolar crystal in BAL from patients with artificial stone silicosis were developed. Crystals were isolated and counted by microscopy and alveolar crystal burden was calculated using a standard curve generated by titration of respirable \u03b1\u2010Quartz. The utility of the assay was then assessed in 23 patients with artificial stone silicosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Alveolar crystal burden was greater in patients with silicosis (0.44 picograms [pg]\/cell [0.08\u20133.49]) compared to patients with other respiratory diagnoses (0.057\u2009pg\/cell [0.01\u20130.34];\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u20090.001). Alveolar crystal burden was positively correlated with years of silica exposure (\u03c1\u00a0=\u20090.49,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.02) and with decline in diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (\u03c1\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.50,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u20090.02).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Alveolar crystal burden quantification differentiates patients with silicosis from patients with other respiratory disorders. Furthermore, crystal burden is correlated with the rate of decline in lung function in patients with artificial stone silicosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T19:29:52Z","timestamp":1645126192000},"page":"437-446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Alveolar crystal burden in stone workers with artificial stone silicosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Simon H.","family":"Apte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxine E.","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana P.","family":"Lutzky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tharushi A.","family":"De Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Fiene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Hundloe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wesley Hospital  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Deller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pindara Private Hospital  Gold Coast Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clair","family":"Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0653-0286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter T.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9553-5870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel C.","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queensland Lung Transplant Service The Prince Charles Hospital  Brisbane Queensland"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60235-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(16)30424-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(19)30078-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16040568"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2049396713Y.0000000049"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30478-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/all.14202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0803933105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/23120541.00086-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"122","article-title":"Respirable silica dust suppression during artificial stone countertop cutting","volume":"59","author":"Cooper JH","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Occup Hyg"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oemed-2017-104428"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6838a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1579-2129(10)70022-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"BartoliD Banchi B Di Benedetto F Farina GA Iaia TE Poli C et al. Silicosis in employees in the processing of kitchen bar and shop countertops made from quartz resin composite. Provisional results of the environmental and health survey conducted within the territory of USL 11 of Empoli in Tuscany among employees in the processing of quertz resing compositre materials and review of the literature. Ital. J. Occup. Environ. 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