{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:18:07Z","timestamp":1785251887591,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008349","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a frequent cause of interstitial lung disease (ILD); however, the impact of rheumatoid factor and anti\u2010citrullinated peptide antibody seropositivity in ILD without connective tissue disease (CTD) is unclear. We examined the association of seropositivity with ILD progression, mortality and response to immunosuppression in non\u2010CTD ILD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1570 non\u2010CTD patients (with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features or unclassifiable ILD) and 181 RA\u2010ILD patients were included from a prospective registry. Longitudinal forced vital capacity (FVC), transplant\u2010free survival and incidence of progressive fibrosing\u2010ILD (PF\u2010ILD) were compared between seronegative non\u2010CTD ILD (reference group), seropositive non\u2010CTD ILD and RA\u2010ILD using linear mixed\u2010effect and Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, smoking pack\u2010years and baseline FVC. Interaction between seropositivity and immunosuppression on FVC decline was assessed in patients with \u22656\u00a0months of follow\u2010up before and after the treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred and seventeen (13.8%) patients with seropositive non\u2010CTD ILD had similar rates of FVC decline and transplant\u2010free survival compared to seronegative non\u2010CTD ILD, but more frequently met the criteria for PF\u2010ILD (hazard ratio [HR]\u00a0=\u00a01.35, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.004). RA\u2010ILD had slower FVC decline (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.03), less PF\u2010ILD (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.75, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.03) and lower likelihood of lung transplant or death (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.66, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20090.01) compared to seronegative non\u2010CTD ILD. No interaction was found between seropositivity and treatment on FVC decline in non\u2010CTD ILD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seropositivity in non\u2010CTD ILD was not associated with improved outcomes or treatment response, highlighting the importance of other disease features in determining prognosis and predicting response to immunosuppression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T07:27:50Z","timestamp":1654154870000},"page":"854-862","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Clinical relevance of rheumatoid factor and anti\u2010citrullinated peptides in fibrotic interstitial lung disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2509-5766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Donohoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Hambly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kerri A.","family":"Johannson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Calgary  Calgary Alberta Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Assayag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8123-923X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolene H.","family":"Fisher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Toronto  Toronto Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helene","family":"Manganas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Marcoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Saskatchewan  Saskatoon Saskatchewan 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