{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T01:45:46Z","timestamp":1784079946929,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1021275"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1021275"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["299901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["299901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association between birth weight, particularly relative to gestational age, and adult lung function is uncertain. We investigated the associations between birth weight relative to gestational age and measures of lung function in middle age, and mediation of these associations by adult height.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants in the Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study who had both known birth weight and lung function assessment at age 45\u2009years were included (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0849). Linear regression models were fitted to investigate the association between small for gestational age and birth weight with post\u2010bronchodilator lung function measures (forced expiratory volume in 1 second [FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>], forced vital capacity [FVC], FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/FVC, diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide [D<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub>co], residual volume [RV] and total lung capacity [TLC]), adjusting for potential confounders. The contribution of adult height as a mediator of these associations was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared with infants born with normal weight for gestational age, those born small for gestational age had reduced FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (coefficient: \u2212191\u2009ml [95%CI: \u2212296, \u221287]), FVC (\u2212205\u2009ml [\u2212330, \u221281]), TLC (\u2212292\u2009ml [\u2212492, \u221292]), RV (\u2212126\u2009ml [\u2212253, 0]) and D<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub>co (\u22120.42\u2009mmol\/min\/kPa [\u22120.79, \u22120.041]) at age 45\u2009years. However, they had comparable FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/FVC. For every 1\u00a0kg increase in birth weight, lung function indices increased by an average of 117\u2009ml (95%CI: 40, 196) for FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>, 124\u2009ml (30, 218) for FVC, 215\u2009ml (66, 365) for TLC and 0.36\u2009mmol\/min\/kPa (0.11, 0.62) for D<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub>co, independent of gestational age, but again not for FEV<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/FVC. These associations were significantly mediated by adult height (56%\u201390%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Small for gestational age was associated with reduced lung function that is likely due to smaller lungs with little evidence of any specific parenchymal impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T17:00:10Z","timestamp":1664989210000},"page":"159-165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Small for gestational age is associated with reduced lung function in middle age: A prospective study from first to fifth decade of life"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Melvin","family":"Tandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Haydn","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Menzies Institute University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian J.","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline J.","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1575-6850","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David P.","family":"Johns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Menzies Institute University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul S.","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inflammation and Infection Research, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayan","family":"Bowatte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences University of Peradeniya  Peradeniya Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter G.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Newborn Research The Royal Women's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9954-0538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health &amp; Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6063-1937","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shyamali C.","family":"Dharmage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4388-784X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinh S.","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global health The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria 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