{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T21:19:26Z","timestamp":1788297566649,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1693353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relative effectiveness of initial non\u2010invasive respiratory strategies for acute respiratory failure using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or high\u2010flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a multicenter, open\u2010label, parallel\u2010group randomized controlled trial to compare the efficacy of CPAP and HFNC on reducing the risk of meeting the prespecified criteria for intubation and improving clinical outcomes of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. The primary endpoint was the time taken to meet the prespecified criteria for intubation within 28\u2009days.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Eighty\u2010five patients were randomly assigned to the CPAP or HFNC group. Eleven (28.9%) in the CPAP group and twenty (42.6%) in the HFNC group met the criteria for intubation within 28\u2009days. Compared with HFNC, CPAP reduced the risk of meeting the intubation criteria (hazard ratio [HR], 0.327; 95% CI, 0.148\u20130.724;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). There were no significant between\u2010group differences in the intubation rates, in\u2010hospital and 28\u2010day mortality rates, ventilator\u2010free days, duration of the need for respiratory support, or duration of hospitalization for respiratory illness. Pulmonary oxygenation was significantly better in the CPAP group, with significantly lower pH and higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide, but there were no differences in the respiratory rate between groups. CPAP and HFNC were associated with few possibly causal adverse events.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CPAP is more effective than HFNC at reducing the risk of meeting the intubation criteria in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,30]],"date-time":"2023-08-30T20:04:55Z","timestamp":1693425895000},"page":"36-45","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Continuous positive airway pressure versus high\u2010flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9980-2086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuma","family":"Nagata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital  Kobe Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiki","family":"Yokoyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Tosei General Hospital  Seto Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryosuke","family":"Tsugitomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Thoracic Center St. Luke's International Hospital  Chuo City Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harunori","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Ogaki Municipal Hospital  Ogaki Gifu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kuraishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine Nagano Red Cross Hospital  Nagano Nagano Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Ohshimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University  Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiro","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine KKR Takamatsu Hospital  Takamatsu Kagawa Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masaaki","family":"Sakuraya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine JA Hiroshima General Hospital  Hiroshima Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryogo","family":"Kagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine National Hospital Organization Himeji Medical Center  Himeji Hyogo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Motoaki","family":"Tanigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Japanese Red Cross Ise Hospital  Ise Mie Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazunori","family":"Tobino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Iizuka Hospital  Iizuka Fukuoka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuro","family":"Kamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hospital  Utsunomiya Tochigi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6064-4885","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toru","family":"Kadowaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine National Hospital Organization Matsue Medical Center  Matsue Shimane Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasutaka","family":"Koga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center Yamaguchi University Hospital  Ube Yamaguchi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshitaka","family":"Ogata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine Yao Tokushukai General Hospital  Yao Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Thoracic Center St. 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