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We conducted the first study to investigate the association between early\u2010life risk factors and OSA in middle\u2010aged adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were from population\u2010based Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study cohort (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093550) followed from 1st to 6th decades of life. Potentially relevant childhood exposures were available from a parent\u2010completed survey at age 7\u2010years, along with previously characterized risk factor profiles. Information on the primary outcome, probable OSA (based on a STOP\u2010Bang questionnaire cut\u2010off \u22655), were collected when participants were 53\u2009years old. Associations were examined using logistic regression adjusting for potential confounders. Analyses were repeated using the Berlin questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Maternal asthma (OR\u2009=\u20091.5; 95% CI 1.1\u20132.0), maternal smoking (OR\u2009=\u20091.2; 1.05, 1.5), childhood pleurisy\/pneumonia (OR\u2009=\u20091.3; 1.04, 1.7) and frequent bronchitis (OR\u2009=\u20091.2; 1.01, 1.5) were associated with probable OSA. The risk\u2010factor profiles of \u2018parental smoking\u2019 and \u2018frequent asthma and bronchitis\u2019 were also associated with probable OSA (OR\u2009=\u20091.3; 1.01, 1.6 and OR\u2009=\u20091.3; 1.01\u20131.9, respectively). Similar associations were found for Berlin questionnaire\u2010defined OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found novel temporal associations of maternal asthma, parental smoking and frequent lower respiratory tract infections before the age of 7\u2009years with adult OSA. While determination of their pathophysiological and any causal pathways require further research, these may be useful to flag the risk of OSA within clinical practice and create awareness and vigilance among at\u2010risk groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.14592","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]],"date-time":"2023-09-21T17:00:18Z","timestamp":1695315618000},"page":"63-70","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Associations of early life and childhood risk factors with obstructive sleep apnoea in middle\u2010age"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5879-6174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chamara V.","family":"Senaratna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy &amp; Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population &amp; Global Health The University of Melbourne  Carlton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Sri Jayewardenepura  Nugegoda Sri Lanka"},{"name":"Non\u2010Communicable Diseases Research Centre University of Sri Jayewardenepura  Nugegoda Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian","family":"Lowe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy &amp; Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population &amp; Global Health The University of Melbourne  Carlton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Haydn","family":"Walters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Menzies Institute The University of Tasmania  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9954-0538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael J.","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health &amp; Preventive Medicine Monash University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4388-784X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinh","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy &amp; Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population &amp; Global Health The University of Melbourne  Carlton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Lodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy &amp; Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population &amp; Global Health The University of Melbourne  Carlton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bircan","family":"Erbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology and Public Health La Trobe University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Violet Vines Marshman Centre for Rural Health Research La Trobe University  Bendigo Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Burgess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy &amp; Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population &amp; Global Health The University of Melbourne  Carlton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7034-0615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Perret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy &amp; 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