{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T09:34:46Z","timestamp":1773740086447,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022M720906"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022M720906"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82161138020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82161138020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82201929"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82201929"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1801286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1801286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title>Myeloid\u2010derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) participate in the progression of many diseases including chronic lung diseases. However, whether MDSCs are accumulated in the lung and how MDSCs orchestrate the pulmonary microenvironment in bronchiectasis remains unknown. Here, we aim to test a hypothesis that PMN\u2010MDSCs are accumulated in the lung and play a role in creating an airway immunosuppressive milieu, thereby relating to clinical outcomes in bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining\u00a0were performed for analysing the frequencies and presence of PMN\u2010MDSCs, LOX\u20101+<\/jats:sup> neutrophils, and ARG\u20101+<\/jats:sup> PMN\u2010MDSCs in PBMCs, sputum, and lung tissues. T\u2010cell proliferation assays were established for evaluating the immunosuppressive activities of PMN\u2010MDSCs. RNA sequencing was performed to investigate the underlying mechanism of PMN\u2010MDSCs\u2010mediated immunosuppression. The relationship of PMN\u2010MDSCs with the time to next exacerbation and treatment response to antibiotic therapy was analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>PMN\u2010MDSCs are accumulated in the lung and blood in bronchiectasis patients compared to healthy individuals. The majority of neutrophils in the lung of bronchiectasis patients are LOX\u20101+<\/jats:sup> PMN\u2010MDSCs. Mechanistically, PMN\u2010MDSCs suppress T cell proliferation via secreting high levels of the enzyme arginase\u20101 (ARG\u20101). Notably, the frequencies of PMN\u2010MDSCs in sputum negatively correlate with the time to next exacerbation in bronchiectasis patients. Additionally, antibiotic therapy dramatically decreases PMN\u2010MDSCs frequencies in the airway of bronchiectasis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>These findings suggest that PMN\u2010MDSCs accumulate and establish an immunosuppressive microenvironment in the lung via ARG\u20101 in bronchiectasis, which is associated with clinical outcome and response to antibiotic treatment, highlighting a potential role of PMN\u2010MDSCs in bronchiectasis progression.<\/jats:p>\nimage<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.70045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]],"date-time":"2025-05-04T22:43:56Z","timestamp":1746398636000},"page":"715-725","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["PMN<\/scp>\u2010MDSCs<\/scp> Orchestrate the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in the Lung and Are Associated With\u00a0Clinical Outcome in Bronchiectasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4985-1191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jielin","family":"Duan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Dongguan Key Laboratory of Immune Inflammation and Metabolism, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University Dongguan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiwen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Henan University College of Medicine Kaifeng Henan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1309-9922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangzhou National Laboratory Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mo","family":"Xian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1770-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1805-4360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaowei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naijian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bizhou","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zexuan","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yubiao","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haixiong","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meihua","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renke","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peiying","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong, SAR China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruchong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"LinLing","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Guangzhou National Laboratory Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20102600(24)00176\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pulmoe.2023.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.opresp.2024.100339"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201712-2423OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","first-page":"625","article-title":"Effect of Airway Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolation and Infection on Steady\u2010State Bronchiectasis in Guangzhou, China","volume":"7","author":"Guan W. J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201812-2351OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30504-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-020-00490-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.113006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aaf8943"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4467"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1011329"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31723-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01572-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01826-2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/9708769"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.745326"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4187\/respcare.04004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2018-212463"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-042718-041447"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-017-0022-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590\u2010023\u201001490\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(18)30053-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20102600(24)00364\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01574\u20102024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0042-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.01966-2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","article-title":"Myeloid\u2010Derived Suppressor Cells Orchestrate Immunosuppressive Networks in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","volume":"199","author":"Fernandez I. E.","year":"2019","journal-title":"American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","article-title":"Circulating MDSC Modulate IPF Progression by Orchestrating Immunosuppressive and Pro\u2010Fibrotic Networks","volume":"52","author":"Fernandez I. E.","year":"2018","journal-title":"European Respiratory Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2023.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.13419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aay6017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2023.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05400-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200808-1250OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2021713"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12931-023-02444-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40425-017-0308-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2019.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2022.07.007"}],"container-title":["Respirology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/resp.70045","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T02:38:46Z","timestamp":1754361526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/resp.70045"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/resp.70045"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/resp.70045","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1323-7799","1440-1843"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1323-7799","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1843","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-14","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}