{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T11:41:19Z","timestamp":1780918879359,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757376000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 08\u20102320\u2010B\u2010038\u2010041"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 08\u20102320\u2010B\u2010038\u2010041"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Respirology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with asthma should continue controller therapy during pregnancy, but current evidence on the effects of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long\u2010acting beta2\u2010agonists (LABA) on adverse fetal outcomes remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a population\u2010based retrospective cohort study. Data were derived from the Health and Welfare Database, Birth Certificate Application, and Maternal and Child Health Database in Taiwan, from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2018. Pregnant women with asthma were enrolled. Three independent variables included ICS use, ICS dose\u2013response effects, and LABA use during pregnancy. Adverse fetal outcomes included low birth weight, small for gestational age, preterm birth, and congenital anomalies. Propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to adjust for confounders, including sociodemographics, comorbidities, comedications, and asthma severity. Logistic regression models were used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were 4538 pregnant women with asthma enrolled in this study. After adjustment, neither ICS nor LABA use was significantly associated with any adverse fetal outcomes. However, among women exposed to ICS, high\u2010dose ICS use during pregnancy was associated with a significantly higher risk of congenital anomalies (aOR: 3.87; 95% CI: 1.29\u201311.60) within 1\u2009year of delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      ICS or LABA use during pregnancy was not associated with the risk of adverse fetal outcomes. Pregnant women with asthma should be advised to maintain controller therapy and avoid potential allergens to reduce the need for high\u2010dose ICS.\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/resp70124-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.70124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T11:23:27Z","timestamp":1757417007000},"page":"32-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Association Between Use of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long\u2010Acting Beta2\u2010Agonists During Pregnancy and Adverse Fetal Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8352-8254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yea\u2010Chwen","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"I\u2010Te","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Taipei Medical University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010Yi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0495-1922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chung\u2010Hsuen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1575","volume-title":"Goldman\u2010Cecil Medicine","author":"Rosene\u2010Montella K.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16968"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12224"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2020.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"Global Initiative for Asthma \u201cGlobal Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention \u201d2022 www.ginasthma.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181665ff4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.1P764"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.22850"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/phar.1213"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2012-203122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.062950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2005.05.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2003.11.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(03)00621-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","unstructured":"\u201cSymbicort (Budesonide and Formoterol Fumarate Dihydrate). 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