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The Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) literature indicates that perceived threat variables are the most influential variables that drive evacuation decisions. This study applies the PADM to investigate a dual\u2010threat disaster that has conflicting protective action recommendations. Given the novelty, scale, span, impact, and messaging around COVID\u201019, it is crucial to see how hurricanes along the Gulf Coast\u2014a hazard addressed seasonally by residents with mostly consistent protective action messaging\u2014produce different reactions in residents in this pandemic context. Household survey data were collected during early 2021 using a disproportionate stratified sampling procedure to include households located in mandatory and voluntary evacuation areas across the coastal counties in Texas and parishes in Louisiana that were affected by Hurricane Laura. Structural equation modeling was used to identify the relationships between perceived threats and evacuation decisions. The findings suggest affective risk perceptions strongly affected cognitive risk perceptions (CRPs). Notably, hurricane and COVID\u201019 CRPs are significant predictors of hurricane evacuation decisions in different ways. Hurricane CRPs encourage evacuation, but COVID\u201019 CRPs hinder evacuation decisions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.14202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T02:55:31Z","timestamp":1691463331000},"page":"724-737","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Evacuate or social distance? 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