{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T02:47:22Z","timestamp":1792550842768,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]],"date-time":"2024-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000781","name":"European Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["101086783"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["101086783"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000781","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Risk Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To improve preparedness for natural disasters, it is imperative to understand the factors that enable individual risk\u2010reduction actions. This study offers such insights using innovative real\u2010time (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 871) and repeated (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    = 255) surveys of a sample of coastal residents in Florida regarding flood preparations and their drivers during an imminent threat posed by Hurricane Dorian and its aftermath. Compared with commonly employed cross\u2010sectional surveys, our methodology better represents relationships between preparedness actions undertaken during the disaster threat and their drivers derived from an extended version of Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). The repeated survey allows for examining temporal dynamics in these drivers. Our results confirm the importance of coping appraisals and show that risk perceptions relate more strongly to emergency protection decisions made during the period of the disaster threat than to decisions made well before. Moreover, we find that several personal characteristics that we add to the standard PMT framework significantly relate to undertaking preparedness actions, especially locus of control and social norms. Significant changes in key explanatory variables occur following the disaster threat, including a decline in risk perception, a potential learning effect in coping appraisals, and a decline in risk aversion. Our results confirm the advantage of the real\u2010time and repeated survey approach in understanding both short\u2010 and long\u2010term disaster preparedness actions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.14314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]],"date-time":"2024-04-28T21:10:10Z","timestamp":1714338610000},"page":"2448-2462","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Drivers of natural disaster risk\u2010reduction actions and their temporal dynamics: Insights from surveys during an imminent hurricane threat and its aftermath"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"W. J. Wouter","family":"Botzen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Economics, Institute for Environmental Studies Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jantsje M.","family":"Mol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Experimental Economics and Political Decision Making (CREED) University of Amsterdam  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2833-8030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J.","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Economics, Institute for Environmental Studies Vrije Universiteit  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Czajkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Insurance Policy and Research National Association of Insurance Commissioners  Kansas City Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06074.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0749-5978(91)90020-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2002.tb00236.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"Avila L. A. Stewart S. R. Berg R. &Hagen A. B.(2020).Hurricane Dorian.NOAA National Weather Service.https:\/\/www.nhc.noaa.gov\/data\/tcr\/AL052019_Dorian.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvp.2017.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","volume-title":"Florida's hurricane history","author":"Barnes J.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeem.2012.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1930297500005179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.13318"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-019-09312-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12938"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2011.01783.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2013.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/jhr.50.2.484"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jebo.2015.02.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1907826116"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-24-1303-2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-4774.2011.01015.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Falk A. Becker A. Dohmen T. Huffman D. B. &Sunde U.(2016).The preference survey module: A validated instrument for measuring risk time and social preferences (IZA Discussion Papers No. 9674).Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA).","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.2725035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11069-005-8604-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.20130420"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3368\/le.93.2.179"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-7138-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12663"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jeem.2017.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11027-014-9629-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acp.1648"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.13957"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2013.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.127.2.267"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1175\/BAMS-D-12-00218.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socec.2019.101500"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envsci.2014.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landusepol.2017.08.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.13361"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11166-021-09365-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223980.1975.9915803"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0092976"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess-22-2655-2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1559-1816.2000.tb02527.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdm.754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s41885-017-0013-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/252136"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/frwa.2021.686329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-018-0371-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eiar.2021.106672"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-08568-0_12"}],"container-title":["Risk Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/risa.14314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,22]],"date-time":"2024-11-22T00:49:03Z","timestamp":1732236543000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/risa.14314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/risa.14314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/risa.14314","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0272-4332","1539-6924"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0272-4332","type":"print"},{"value":"1539-6924","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}