{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T16:03:16Z","timestamp":1784304196260,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773705600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Risk Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Foodborne listeriosis can cause stillbirth in pregnant individuals, prompting numerous population\u2010specific food safety guidelines. Dose\u2010response models are employed in quantitative microbial risk assessments (QMRAs) to develop such guidelines; however, pregnant hosts are under\u2010considered when developing dose\u2010response models, and the few published dose\u2010response models for pregnant hosts do not consider the biological plausibility of the model. Therefore, this study aims to develop biologically plausible dose\u2010response models for pregnant hosts using infection and stillbirth as health outcomes. The inclusion criteria of dose\u2010response data for this analysis required reporting of (i) quantified dose, (ii)\n                    <jats:italic>Listeria monocytogenes<\/jats:italic>\n                    as the target pathogen, (iii) infection and\/or stillbirth as endpoints, and (iv) specificity to pregnant hosts. The datasets were fit individually and as pooled sets to exponential and beta\u2010Poisson dose\u2010response models using Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE). To establish uncertainty around the MLE estimates, 10,000 bootstrapped iterations were fit to the models. Recommended dose\u2010response models for endpoints of stillbirth and infection were generated. The recommended model for infection was based on pooled guinea pig and gerbil maternal infection data fit to the beta\u2010Poisson model, with parameters of:\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.0843 and\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      N\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a01.01\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                    <jats:sup>8<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The recommended stillbirth dose\u2010response model utilized a pooled guinea pig fetal brain infection and stillbirth dataset fit to the beta\u2010Poisson model parameters of\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.575 and\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      N\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a01.31\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\n                    <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Integrating such models into QMRAs for pregnant hosts supports a more health\u2010protective assessment and decision\u2010making process by separating sensitive populations from the general public when possible.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.70204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T14:00:37Z","timestamp":1773756037000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Development of Dose\u2010Response Models for the Ingestion Exposure Route and Stillbirth Outcome for\n                    <i>Listeria monocytogenes<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Tyler","family":"Stump","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Engineering Education The Ohio State University  Ohio, Columbus USA"},{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carly","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Michigan State University  East Lansing Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2008.01067.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12380"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362\u2010028X\u201060.8.918"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2020. \u201cOutbreak of Listeria Infections Linked to Enoki Mushrooms.\u201d Last modified June 25.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/outbreaks\/enoki\u2010mushrooms\u201003\u201020\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2021. \u201cListeria Outbreak Linked to Queso Fresco.\u201d Published May 14.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/outbreaks\/hispanic\u2010soft\u2010cheese\u201002\u201021\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2022. \u201cListeria Outbreak Linked to Ice Cream.\u201d. Last modified November 2.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/outbreaks\/monocytogenes\u201006\u201022\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.2023. \u201cListeria Infection (Listeriosis).\u201d Last modified August 10.https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/listeria\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2014.00015"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"\u201cErratum.\u201d2011.Clinical Infectious Diseases52 no.9:1202.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cid\/cir178.","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cir177"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.2024. \u201cListeriosis\u2014Annual Epidemiological Report for 2022.\u201d Published February 8.https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications\u2010data\/listeriosis\u2010annual\u2010epidemiological\u2010report\u20102022."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO.2004.Risk Assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in Ready to Eat Foods: Technical Report. Microbiological Risk Assessment Series No 5.Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168\u20101605(96)01107\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362\u2010028X.JFP\u201013\u2010150"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4315\/0362\u2010028X\u201052.10.696"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118910030.ch8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2672.2009.04248.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0168\u20101605(00)00272\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00801-17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/427803"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01065\u201006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.12235"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","volume-title":"R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing [Computer Software]","author":"R Core Team","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01514\u201014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","volume-title":"Listeria: Listeriosis, and Food Safety","author":"Ryser E. 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