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Due to concerns regarding the environmental and human health risk of PFAS, numerous studies have been published that investigated topics such as environmental fate, oral toxicology, and potential exposure pathways and routes. Few studies have characterized dermal exposure and uptake potential of PFAS, despite recognition that dermal contact may represent a viable exposure route in certain scenarios. This analysis includes a targeted literature review of studies evaluating PFAS dermal exposure potential, including (1) the potential for transfer and loading onto the skin surface as a result of common dermal exposure pathways, (2) empirical data regarding dermal exposure assessment factors, and (3) estimates of external dermal doses associated with different PFAS exposure sources in addition to any internal dose estimates. Across 37 relevant studies identified, 18 evaluated PFAS exposure from use of cosmetics and PCPs, eight from clothing, six from dust, and five from other scenarios (e.g., site contamination, electronic waste). Estimates for human dermal exposure were generally &lt;1\u00a0ng\/kg\u2010bw\/day for individual compounds and total PFAS, although some authors reported &gt;100\u00a0ng\/kg\u2010bw\/day for select scenarios. Studies generally reported that dermal PFAS exposures, when measurable, constituted a small fraction of total PFAS exposure relative to other routes. The toxicological relevance of dermal PFAS exposures at these levels remains unclear.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.70245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T06:40:14Z","timestamp":1776062414000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Critical Review of Scientific Data Pertaining to Dermal Exposures to Per\u2010 and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Heywood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Exposure &amp; Risk Sciences Group  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3381-8426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Sahmel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Exposure &amp; Risk Sciences Group  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Tack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Exposure &amp; Risk Sciences Group  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Lotter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Exposure &amp; Risk Sciences Group  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon H.","family":"Gaffney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Exposure &amp; Risk Sciences Group  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott G.","family":"Dotson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insight Exposure &amp; Risk Sciences Group  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"3M Environment Health Safety and Product Stewardship.2021.Summary of Physical\/Chemical and Environmental Parameters for PFAS: Subject to Interim Special Order by Consent No. 20\u2010086\u2010CWP\/AP\/GW\/HW\/DW\/SW Paragraph 37(J)(3). 3M EHS Laboratory Report E21\u20100037. 3M Global EHS Laboratory."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2022.107549"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eti.2020.100879"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"ATSDR.2021.Toxicological Profile for Perfluoroalkyls.U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es101181g"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470773093.ch5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Bremmer H. 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