{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T15:58:41Z","timestamp":1791561521891,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006959","name":"U.S. Forest Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2127285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2127285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006959","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Risk Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wildfire risk mitigation on private property is central to reducing community wildfire vulnerability. Homeowners have control over many of the key factors that contribute to wildfire risk on their parcels, yet vulnerable conditions persist. One potential explanation is a misalignment between homeowners' and trained assessors' perceptions of parcel\u2010level wildfire risk. Prior research has documented a \u201crisk gap\u201d in a single community wherein owners often underestimate their parcel\u2010level wildfire risk; however, it is unclear whether such misalignments are widespread. This study replicates and expands previous research by examining the parcel\u2010level wildfire risk gap in 38 wildland\u2013urban interface (WUI) communities across the Western United States using paired data from household surveys and parcel\u2010level wildfire risk assessments by trained assessors. We find that homeowners and assessors often perceive parcel characteristics differently. Homeowners may systematically mis\u2010weight their importance, tending to underweight key controllable factors such as building materials and defensible space, leading to meaningful divergence from trained assessor ratings. Accordingly, we also find that homeowners generally underestimate overall parcel wildfire risk compared to trained assessors. These results suggest that even when homeowners recognize attributes on their parcels that contribute to wildfire risk, they may not fully grasp how much the attributes contribute to overall parcel risk, potentially failing to recognize the need to undertake meaningful mitigation actions. The findings from this study contribute to the broader natural hazards literature on expert\u2010layperson risk perception gaps and offer insights for improving wildfire communication, education, and mitigation strategies in WUI communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.70268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T13:01:10Z","timestamp":1782219670000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Perceptions of Parcel\u2013Level Wildfire Risk Differ Between Homeowners and Trained Assessors in Wildland\u2013Urban Interface Communities Across the Western United States"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Kelly","family":"Wallace","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Behavioral Science University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Webster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Behavioral Science University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Brenkert\u2010Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Behavioral Science University of Colorado Boulder  Boulder Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Champ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colleen","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildfire Research (WiR\u0113) Center  Niwot Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildfire Research (WiR\u0113) Center  Niwot Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher M.","family":"Barth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"USDA Forest Service, Washington Office, Fire and Aviation Management, National Incident Management Organization (NIMO)  Missoula Montana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Kuehn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildfire Research (WiR\u0113) Center  Niwot Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Wittenbrink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildfire Research (WiR\u0113) Center  Niwot Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Meldrum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/risa.14161"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/su11072061"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/njaf\/24.3.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5194\/nhess\u201012\u20102299\u20102012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267\u2010012\u20109949\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539\u20106924.2012.01917.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/forestscience\/54.4.417"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","unstructured":"Champ P. A. C. M.Barth H.Brenkert\u2010Smith L. C.Falk J.Gomez andJ.Meldrum.2021. \u201cPutting People First: Using Social Science to Reduce Risk.\u201d Wildfire Magazine.https:\/\/www.iawfonline.org\/article\/putting\u2010people\u2010first\u2010using\u2010social\u2010science\u2010to\u2010reduce\u2010risk\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","volume-title":"Living With Wildfire in Boulder County, Colorado, 2007. Res. Note RMRS\u2010RN\u201047WWW","author":"Champ P. A.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","volume-title":"Living With Wildfire in Larimer county, Colorado, 2007. Res. Note RMRS\u2010RN\u201048WWW","author":"Champ P. A.","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/WF12093"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","first-page":"1017","article-title":"Risk Perception and Knowledge Gap Between Experts and the Public: Issues of Flood Hazards Management in Canada","volume":"5","author":"Chowdhury P. 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