{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T07:19:01Z","timestamp":1791875941834,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]],"date-time":"2016-10-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P01 CA142538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P01 CA142538"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We propose new concordance-assisted learning for estimating optimal individualized treatment regimes. We first introduce a type of concordance function for prescribing treatment and propose a robust rank regression method for estimating the concordance function. We then find treatment regimes, up to a threshold, to maximize the concordance function, named the prescriptive index. Finally, within the class of treatment regimes that maximize the concordance function, we find the optimal threshold to maximize the value function. We establish the rate of convergence and asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator for parameters in the prescriptive index. An induced smoothing method is developed to estimate the asymptotic variance of the estimator. We also establish the n1\/3-consistency of the estimated optimal threshold and its limiting distribution. In addition, a doubly robust estimator of parameters in the prescriptive index is developed under a class of monotonic index models. The practical use and effectiveness of the methodology proposed are demonstrated by simulation studies and an application to an acquired immune deficiency syndrome data set.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/rssb.12216","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]],"date-time":"2016-10-31T13:56:41Z","timestamp":1477922201000},"page":"1565-1582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Concordance-Assisted Learning for Estimating Optimal Individualized Treatment Regimes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"Caiyun","family":"Fan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai University of International Business and Economics , People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University , Raleigh , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University , Raleigh , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai University of Finance and Economics and Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023022002194204700_rssb12216-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1198\/073500103288619070","article-title":"Pairwise-difference rank estimation of the transformation model","volume":"21","author":"Abrevaya","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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