{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T05:20:04Z","timestamp":1791264004365,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present aim was to evaluate vertical cephalometric characteristics in populations with Turner syndrome (TS) using meta\u2010analysis methodology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six electronic databases were queried, up to August 2023, to identify studies comparing the vertical cephalometric characteristics in populations with TS, compared to female control groups. Data were extracted from eligible studies and random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis was employed. Subgroup meta\u2010analyses for age and karyotype were also attempted. Risk of bias was assessed using a modified version of the AXIS tool.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From the initial 195 studies identified, 17 were included in the quantitative synthesis, resulting in a sample of 417 patients with TS, originating from 10 different countries. Risk of bias was overall questionable. Mandibular ramus height was found to be smaller in females with TS, along with a reduction in posterior facial height, a larger anterior\u2010posterior facial height ratio, and an increase in the mandibular plane angle. Subgroup meta\u2010analyses showed that females with the monosomy X karyotype had vertical cephalometric characteristics which deviated more from the norm than those with other karyotypes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The vertical lateral cephalometric characteristics of females with TS differ significantly from those of non\u2010syndromic females, with the largest and most consistent deviation being seen in the monosomy X karyotype. Females with TS show less craniofacial posterior vertical development, with an evident reduction in mandibular ramus height leading to the cephalometric characteristics observed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T12:25:09Z","timestamp":1708691109000},"page":"961-978","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vertical cephalometric characteristics in different populations with Turner syndrome as compared to non\u2010syndromic populations: A meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7608-2397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kara","family":"Bierley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of orthodontics University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva  Geneva 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