{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T09:17:44Z","timestamp":1773047864882,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]],"date-time":"2024-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome (SWS) or encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis is a rare congenital disorder that affects the skin, brain, and eye. It is characterized by facial port\u2010wine stains, leptomeningeal angiomas, and glaucoma. SWS can also cause neurological complications, such as seizures, headaches, cognitive impairment, and stroke. Antiepileptic drugs that are used to treat seizures associated with SWS lead to the development of gingival hyperplasia which requires non\u2010surgical and\/or surgical dental treatment. The purpose of this case report and narrative review is to provide an overview of the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of SWS. This paper will also discuss the oral manifestations and dental considerations of SWS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.13088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,11]],"date-time":"2024-11-11T00:45:18Z","timestamp":1731285918000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dentistry and Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome: Case report and narrative review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3817-3938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hassan","family":"Abed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9997-8292","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Alqarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Taif University  Taif Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0786-0594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jameel","family":"Abuljadayel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdulaziz","family":"Alosaimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Taif University  Taif Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nawaf","family":"Muhaymidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Taif University  Taif Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Althobaiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral &amp; Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Taif University  Taif Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fahad","family":"Aladwani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Periodontics, Dental Unit My Clinic  Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Alshammari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Dental and Medical Science College of Dentistry, University of Hail  Hail Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2003.12.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737175.7.8.951"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/517145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1992.tb04465.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IIO.0b013e3181693582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"409","article-title":"Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of glaucoma associated with Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Javaid U","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TACG.S363685"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2011.01485.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01800.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2014.11.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1470.2002.00228.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dmcn.14253"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-022-02323-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"871","article-title":"Ocular manifestations of Sturge\u2013Weber syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management","volume":"13","author":"Mantelli F","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2011.04169.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep22985"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/786519"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.91848"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355516664212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NRL.0b013e318220c5b6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2353040903"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhs.v26i2.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5114\/pdia.2014.40948"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2006.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-015-3061-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0024-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Tungare S","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"276","article-title":"Drug\u2010Induced gingival enlargement: a review of diagnosis and current treatment strategies","volume":"43","author":"Barsoum F","year":"2022","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003509"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00419.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40780-017-0088-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.1.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Etiology of drug\u2010induced gingival overgrowth","author":"Nagata T","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Issues Periodontics"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1999.tb00224.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2013-008679"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/138248"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.1.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2017.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2001.027001131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"Treating patients with drug\u2010induced gingival overgrowth","volume":"78","author":"Thompson AL","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Dent Hyg Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0972-124X.134567"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","first-page":"27","article-title":"Comparison between laser, electrocautery and scalpel in the treatment of drug\u2010induced gingival overgrowth: a case report","volume":"1","author":"Funde S","year":"2015","journal-title":"IJSS Case Rep Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17245\/jdapm.2015.15.3.173"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.12372"}],"container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/scd.13088","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/scd.13088","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/scd.13088","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T08:21:48Z","timestamp":1773044508000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/scd.13088"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/scd.13088"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/scd.13088","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-1879","1754-4505"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-1879","type":"print"},{"value":"1754-4505","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-10-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-11-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13088"}}