{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T09:24:20Z","timestamp":1773048260695,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,1]],"date-time":"2025-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Down syndrome (DS) involves an extra chromosome 21 and tongue hypotonicity. This study examined reproducibility of tongue pressure measurement (TPM) in DS patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty patients with DS (13 females) who were able to complete three measurements underwent a tongue pressure test (TPT). Reproducibility was evaluated using intraindividual standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV). Patients were divided into two groups based on developmental age (DA): DA \u2265 4 years (over\u20104 DA) and DA &lt; 4 years (under\u20104 DA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty DS patients with a mean age of 33.0 \u00b1 11.7 years and mean DA of 3.8 \u00b1 1.2 years were analyzed. Median tongue pressure was 17.6\u00a0kPa, SD was 2.0\u00a0kPa, and CV was 11.9. Eleven patients were in the under\u20104 DA group, and 19 were in the over\u20104 DA group. Significant differences in speech presence and CV values were observed between the groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.002, 0.043).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The reproducibility of the TPT in DS patients with a DA \u2265 4 years is comparable to that in normal subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.70005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,13]],"date-time":"2025-02-13T23:49:26Z","timestamp":1739490566000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Reproducibility of Tongue Pressure Values in Adults With Down Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Hisaho","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Oda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan"},{"name":"Hiroshima Oral Health Care Center Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaku","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasushi","family":"Orihashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima 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Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Special Care Dentistry Hiroshima University Hospital Hiroshima 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