{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T10:13:27Z","timestamp":1789035207413,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":43,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the knowledge and preparedness of dental students regarding Cleft lip and palate (CLP) and to utilize qualitative inquiry in Phase II to explain the educational factors influencing clinical competency (measured via theoretical management skills) and knowledge retention (measured via etiology recall).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A sequential explanatory mixed\u2010methods study was conducted at Umm Alqura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Phase I involved a cross\u2010sectional survey of 129 clinical dental students and interns to assess demographics, theoretical knowledge, and attitudes toward CLP care. Phase II involved semi\u2010structured interviews with a stratified purposive sample to explore barriers to learning and confidence. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential tests (Chi\u2010square and independent t\u2010tests), while qualitative transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Quantitative findings showed that while 85.2% of students recognized clinical features, significant deficits existed in etiology; only 35.9% correctly identified smoking as a risk factor. Students with clinical exposure achieved higher knowledge scores (7.94 \u00b1 3.70) compared to non\u2010exposed students (7.14 \u00b1 2.89) yet demonstrated high variance in performance. Qualitative analysis explained these disparities through five emerging themes: (1) \u201cknowledge decay\u201d of pre\u2010clinical sciences not reinforced in later years; (2) clinical exposure often limited to \u201cpassive observation\u201d rather than active engagement; (3) anxiety regarding patient counseling due to a lack of practical communication training; (4) uncertainty regarding treatment sequencing and the optimal timing for interventions; and (5) ambiguity regarding the general dental practitioner's specific role and responsibilities within a multidisciplinary cleft palate team.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Current educational models relying predominantly on isolated didactic instruction and passive observation may not be entirely sufficient for fostering complete CLP competency. The findings suggest a curriculum revision emphasizing vertical integration and active, case\u2010based learning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.70236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T14:43:11Z","timestamp":1786632191000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Are Dental Students in Saudi Arabia Prepared to Diagnose and Manage Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Amani","family":"Harrandah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Clinical Oral Sciences College of Dental Medicine Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eshraq","family":"Alqurashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dental Medicine Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rahaf","family":"Bahareth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dental Medicine Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Qasem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Dental Medicine Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afnan","family":"Nassar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry College of Dental Medicine Umm Al\u2010Qura University  Makkah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg2933"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.70802"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"216","article-title":"Incidence of Cleft lip, Cleft Palate, and Cleft lip and Palate Among Races: A Review","volume":"24","author":"Vanderas A. P.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Characteristics of Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Cleft lip and\/or Palate: A Case Analysis and Literature Review","volume":"11","author":"Kulesa\u2010Mrowiecka M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.56150\/tjhsl.1098369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5125\/jkaoms.2017.43.4.247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000053908"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmg.2014.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60695-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/22925503241241088"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-019-1116-7"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","first-page":"198","article-title":"Information and Experience With Cleft Palate: Students, Parents, Professionals","volume":"16","author":"Pannbacker M.","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12968\/denu.2024.51.8.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1991_028_0169_dskoae_2.3.co_2"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","article-title":"Awareness, Knowledge, and Attitude Assessment of Cleft lip With or Without Palate Management Among Vietnamese Dental and Medical Students: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study","volume":"17","author":"Le Kha A.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10459-008-9101-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.318.7193.1280"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01421599979752"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jclpca.jclpca_26_24"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/ijod\/3757733"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15761\/OHNS.1000246"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15537\/smj.2015.9.11823"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/sjoralsci.sjoralsci_24_23"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"2608","article-title":"Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude on Cleft lip and Palate Management Among Dental Students","volume":"10","author":"Sruthi S.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Invent Today"}],"container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/scd.70236","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/scd.70236","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/scd.70236","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T09:44:40Z","timestamp":1789033480000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/scd.70236"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/scd.70236"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/scd.70236","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-1879","1754-4505"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-1879","type":"print"},{"value":"1754-4505","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-03-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-13","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70236"}}