{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T09:18:43Z","timestamp":1787995123734,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787961600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Special Care in Dentistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Thalassemia is a well\u2010recognized hereditary blood disorder with systemic complications. However, its craniofacial and orthodontic alterations remain incompletely characterized. Current evidence is fragmented, and no comprehensive synthesis has been published hitherto.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims<\/jats:title>\n To map and synthesize craniofacial and orthodontic alterations in individuals with thalassemia by identifying morphological patterns and associated clinical factors.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n This scoping review included cross\u2010sectional studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials retrieved from four databases and gray literature. Data were analyzed descriptively.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Twenty\u2010six studies (comprising 2,353 participants) published between 1964 and 2025 were included. Common findings included a Class II skeletal pattern, mandibular retrusion, maxillary protrusion, increased lower facial height, and thalassemic facies. Orthodontic anomalies included Class II malocclusion, anterior open bite, crowding, incisor protrusion, and transverse constriction of the arches (narrow skeletal arches). Greater severity was associated with chronic anemia, splenectomy, and delayed transfusion. Only one study evaluated functional appliance therapy, demonstrating improved mandibular advancement and facial esthetics.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Thalassemia is associated with clinically relevant dentoskeletal alterations that affect function and esthetics. Early orthodontic evaluation and timely interceptive treatment should be prioritized, as they may attenuate deformity progression and improve craniofacial development, reducing the future need for complex orthognathic surgery.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/scd.70243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T08:59:36Z","timestamp":1787993976000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Orthodontic and Craniofacial Skeletal Alterations in Individuals With Thalassemia: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Larissa Conrado","family":"da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego Belmiro do Nascimento","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6599-3950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Alcides Almeida","family":"de Arruda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology, and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2258-8071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Guimar\u00e3es","family":"Abreu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5270-3950","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor Zanetti","family":"Drumond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology, and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thalyta Cristina Souza da Silva","family":"Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matilde da Cunha Gon\u00e7alves","family":"Nojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3259-606X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno Augusto Benevenuto","family":"de Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6986-9148","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jefferson R.","family":"Ten\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10116","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31822-6","article-title":"Thalassaemia","volume":"391","author":"Taher A. 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