{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T15:37:16Z","timestamp":1789659436496,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scandinavian Caring Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This descriptive and cross\u2010sectional study aims to assess the surgical handwashing practices of operating room staff.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Single\u2010blind study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was conducted with 66 staff (surgeons and operating room nurses) employed in the surgery department of a university hospital in Turkey. Data were collected using a Staff Information Form prepared in light of the literature to collect the participants\u2019 sociodemographic data and the Surgical Hand Washing Procedure Checklist developed according to the guidelines of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), World Health Organization (WHO) and Association of Surgical Technologists (AST). The staff assigned to operating rooms were identified, and then, their surgical handwashing practices were observed by one of the researchers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the participants, 77.3% were dressed suitable to the operating room field, 56.1% appropriately wet both of their hands and forearms, and 72.7% used a sufficient amount of antiseptic solution (3\u20135 ml) in their palms. More than half of them (51.5%) inappropriately performed the procedure of surgical handwashing (applying an antiseptic solution to hands and arms with circular motions, starting from the fingertips up to 3\u20135 cm above their elbows for a minute), and 47% incorrectly performed the procedure of rinsing hands and arms while keeping the hands above the elbows under running water and passing arms through the water in one direction during this process.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study, it was determined that none of the team members completed the preparation, application and drying steps of the surgical handwashing procedure. Therefore, it is necessary to make arrangements that will facilitate the handwashing procedures of the personnel. Personnel\u2010related problems, such as the duration of washing and drying methods, are possible to be avoided with periodic in\u2010service training and with posters demonstrating the washing stages, which might lead to behavioural changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.12988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T14:03:20Z","timestamp":1618927400000},"page":"926-934","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Surgical handwashing practices of operating room staff: An observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8356-8202","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muaz","family":"G\u00fcl\u015fen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Nursing Department Faculty of Health Sciences \u00c7ukurova University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2058-3966","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nursevim","family":"Ayd\u0131ng\u00fcl\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Nursing Department Faculty of Health Sciences \u00c7ukurova University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8893-9391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevban","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Nursing Department Faculty of Health Sciences \u00c7ukurova University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0311-2123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sevgi Deniz","family":"Do\u011fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgical Nursing Department Faculty of Health Sciences \u00c7ukurova University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2612-7379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dudu","family":"Alptekin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Elderly Care Services Department Abdi S\u00fct\u00e7\u00fc Faculty of Health Sciences \u00c7ukurova University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5464-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ev\u015fen","family":"Nazik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Faculty of Health Sciences \u00c7ukurova University  Adana Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9738\/INTSURG-D-13-00251.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajic.2014.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003325.pub3"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"S77","article-title":"Preventing surgical\u2010site infections: measures other than antibiotics","volume":"101","author":"Chauveaux D","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthopaed Traumatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.03.051"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aorn.2013.02.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Surgical site infection (SSI)","author":"National Healthcare Safety Network, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.17826\/cumj.383360","article-title":"Effect of use of nail polish on bacterial colonization after surgical handwashing in operating room nurses: a preliminary study","volume":"43","author":"Tank DY","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cukurova Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30398-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). 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