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Beta blockers are well supported by data from nondialysis populations and directly mitigate the sympathetic overactivity that links chronic kidney disease with cardiovascular sequelae. However, the evidence supporting their use in patients receiving hemodialysis is sparse and the heterogeneity of the beta blocker class makes it difficult to prescribe these medications with confidence. Despite these limitations, both trial and observational data exist that can help guide the use of these medications. In this review, we outline the reasons to consider beta blockers for patients receiving hemodialysis, discuss the barriers to their use, and provide specific evidence\u2010based recommendations for beta blocker use in patients with heart failure, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and arrhythmia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,26]],"date-time":"2018-02-26T23:08:48Z","timestamp":1519686528000},"page":"219-225","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Beta blockers in patients with end\u2010stage renal disease\u2014Evidence\u2010based recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Matthew A.","family":"Weir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Western University London Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Western University London Ontario 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