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Anorexia is central in the pathogenesis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEW<\/jats:styled-content>; it is frequently observed in these patients whose protein and energy intakes are typically lower than guidelines recommendations. If untreated, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEW<\/jats:styled-content> invariably leads to major complications, and may activate a vicious circle with further worsening of nutritional status. Dietary counseling and nutritional status monitoring play a key role in the prevention and treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEW<\/jats:styled-content>, since they allow an early identification of high risk patients, as well as the assessment of the response to nutritional intervention. Different nutritional approaches can be implemented following thorough nutritional counseling. These are chosen on the basis of patients\u2019 spontaneous dietary intake, severity of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEW<\/jats:styled-content> and acute comorbidities. Initially, regular encounters with the dietitian allow patients to clarify doubts and strengthen basic concepts on nutrition to improve dietary intake and prevent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEW<\/jats:styled-content>. When <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEW<\/jats:styled-content> is present or the patient is at high risk, the clinician may opt for the administration of oral intradialytic or daily supplements, aiming at increasing energy and protein intake, while in selected cases intradialytic parenteral nutrition may be used. This review addresses the main issues of nutritional status in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ESRD<\/jats:styled-content> patients on hemodialysis\u2014its evaluation and monitoring, as well as at describing the available nutritional interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sdi.12730","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,17]],"date-time":"2018-06-17T22:18:56Z","timestamp":1529273936000},"page":"583-591","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Dietary protein and nutritional supplements in conventional hemodialysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Alice","family":"Sabatino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Piotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division 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