{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T11:08:12Z","timestamp":1791198492833,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,19]],"date-time":"2013-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1387411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A reduced proliferation to T cell mitogens is observed <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> in murine cells isolated during the acute phase of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>oxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> infection. Foxp3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> regulatory T cells (Tregs) mediate this suppression, which is interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20102 dependent. In this work, we analysed the mechanism of this Treg\u2010mediated suppression. We found that removal of antigen\u2010presenting cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APC<\/jats:styled-content>) from spleen cells from infected mice did not modify suppression but further elimination of Tregs led to a restored proliferation, demonstrating that Tregs mediate suppression in the absence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">APC<\/jats:styled-content>. Production of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 by T cells from infected animals was abolished but partially restored when Tregs were removed. However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 levels and T cell proliferation were restored when Tregs and T cells were separated by transwells, indicating that Tregs require close proximity with T cells to induce suppression. Tregs from infected mice were able to reduce proliferation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CTLL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 cells in the classical <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 bioassay, strongly suggesting that Tregs compete with T cells for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102. We found that T cells from infected mice died after a few rounds of division <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, but addition of recombinant <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 or removal of Tregs abolished this effect. Our results showed that suppression of T cell proliferation during acute <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>oxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic> infection is the result of death of proliferating T cells by Treg\u2010mediated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 competition. Thus, immunosuppression is due to death of proliferating T cells as a consequence of low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102 availability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T02:35:13Z","timestamp":1381545313000},"page":"1-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["T cell Suppression <i>In Vitro<\/i> During <i><scp>T<\/scp>oxoplasma gondii<\/i> Infection is the Result of <scp>IL<\/scp>\u20102 Competition Between Tregs and T cells Leading to Death of Proliferating T cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Salinas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico Mexico City M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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