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The aim of this study was to set up a complement profile in premature and term babies focusing on the development of blood levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBL<\/jats:styled-content>, key regulatory proteins and on classical pathway activity, which may allow an estimation of potential susceptibility to infection. Complement activity (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>50), levels of mannan\u2010binding lectin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBL<\/jats:styled-content>), complement regulators (factors H and I, C1 inhibitor, properdin) and C3a as marker of complement activation were assessed in three groups of healthy newborns: (1) prematures (\u226434\u00a0weeks); (2) late prematures (&gt;34\u2013&lt;37\u00a0weeks) and (3) term neonates (\u226537\u00a0weeks). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>50 increased with gestational age with lower titres in cord blood than in day 5 post\u2010delivery venous blood. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBL<\/jats:styled-content> concentrations were not significantly different among groups. Quantitative and functional C1 inhibitor were below adult normal range in prematures &lt;34\u00a0weeks and lower in cord blood as compared to day 5. Factor I, factor H and properdin remained below adult values in all groups. Low C3a levels excluded that low complement titres were due to activation\u2010induced consumption. These results demonstrate the relative immaturity of the complement system and its regulation, especially in premature infants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,26]],"date-time":"2014-01-26T07:56:49Z","timestamp":1390723009000},"page":"276-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Complement Profile in Neonates of Different Gestational Ages"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"79","author":[{"given":"A. 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