{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T03:19:24Z","timestamp":1762917564181,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,21]],"date-time":"2015-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1429574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"FOOD Denmark Research School"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005192","name":"Technical University of Denmark","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005192","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008442","name":"The Danish Dairy Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008442","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypoallergenic infant formulas based on hydrolysed milk proteins are used in the diet for cow's milk allergic infants. For a preclinical evaluation of the immunogenicity and allergenicity of new protein ingredients for such hypoallergenic infant formulas as well as for the investigation of which characteristics of hydrolysates that contribute to allergenicity, <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> models are valuable tools. In this study, we examine the immunogenicity and allergenicity of two hydrolysates in a Brown Norway (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BN<\/jats:styled-content>) rat model, using i.p. dosing, which allows for the use of small quantities. Intact <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BLG<\/jats:styled-content>, hydrolysed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BLG<\/jats:styled-content> and a hydrolysed whey product suitable for use in extensively hydrolysed formulas were thoroughly characterized for protein chemical features and administered to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BN<\/jats:styled-content> rats by i.p. immunization with or without adjuvant. Sera were analysed for specific IgG and IgE for evaluation of sensitizing capacity, immunogenicity and antibody\u2010binding capacity. For evaluation of eliciting capacity a skin test was performed. The study showed that the hydrolysates had no residual allergenicity, lacking the capacity to sensitize and elicit reactions in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BN<\/jats:styled-content> rats. Dosing with or without adjuvant induced a large difference in immunogenicity. Only antibodies from rats sensitized to intact <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BLG<\/jats:styled-content> with adjuvant were able to bind the hydrolysates, and the whey\u2010based hydrolysate only showed immunogenicity when dosed with adjuvant. This study showed that hydrolysates can be evaluated by an i.p. animal model, but that the choice of <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> tests used for evaluation of antibody responses may greatly influence the result as well as may the use of adjuvant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12271","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,25]],"date-time":"2015-01-25T12:09:23Z","timestamp":1422187763000},"page":"274-283","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Characterization of the Immunogenicity and Allergenicity of Two Cow's Milk Hydrolysates \u2013 A Study in Brown Norway Rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"K. 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