{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T09:43:35Z","timestamp":1778838215322,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,18]],"date-time":"2015-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> are important human pathogens that infect the urogenital\/anorectal and respiratory tracts, respectively. Whilst the ability of these bacteria to infect epithelia is well defined, there is also considerable evidence of infection of leucocytes, including dendritic cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s). Using a human dendritic cell line (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUTZ<\/jats:styled-content>), we demonstrate that the infection and replication of chlamydiae inside <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s is species and serovar specific and that live infection with <jats:italic>C.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> is required to upregulate costimulatory markers <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>80, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>83 and human leucocyte antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DR<\/jats:styled-content> on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUTZ<\/jats:styled-content> cells, as well as induce secretion of interleukin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>)\u20102, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201012 (p70), interferon\u2010gamma and tumour necrosis factor\u2010alpha Conversely, <jats:italic>C.\u00a0trachomatis<\/jats:italic> serovar D failed to upregulate <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content> costimulatory markers, but did induce secretion of high concentrations of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20108. Interestingly, we also observed that infection of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUTZ<\/jats:styled-content> cells with <jats:italic>C.\u00a0pneumoniae<\/jats:italic> or <jats:italic>C.\u00a0trachomatis<\/jats:italic> serovar L2, whilst not replicative, remained infectious and upregulated lymph node migratory marker <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CCR<\/jats:styled-content>7 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>. Taken together, these data confirm the findings of other groups using primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DC<\/jats:styled-content>s and demonstrate the utility of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MUTZ<\/jats:styled-content> cells for further studies of chlamydial infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12295","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,1]],"date-time":"2015-04-01T18:39:23Z","timestamp":1427913563000},"page":"48-54","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["<i>Chlamydia pneumoniae<\/i> and <i>Chlamydia Trachomatis<\/i> Infection Differentially Modulates Human Dendritic Cell Line (MUTZ) Differentiation and Activation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"C. 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