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A proprotein convertase enzyme <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> is upregulated upon immune cell activation, and it promotes infectivity by cleaving and activating pathogens. In this study, we determined <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> levels in plasma using <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> from 537 patients that were admitted to emergency room with suspected infection. Patients were sorted to high\u2010 and low\u2010level <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> groups with a cut\u2010off level of 370\u00a0pg\/ml. The study cohort included five diagnostic groups: Group 1, no systemic inflammatory response syndrome (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIRS<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:italic> n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a059 patients); Group 2, bacterial infection without <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIRS<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a067); Group 3, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SIRS<\/jats:styled-content>, but no bacterial infection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0308); Group 4, sepsis without organ failure (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0308); and Group 5, severe sepsis (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a049). Statistically significant associations were not found between the plasma level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> and the prevalence of sepsis (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.957), diagnostic group of a patient (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.737) or the bacteria in blood culture (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.499). Additionally, the concentration of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> did not predict the severity or case fatality of the infectious disease. However, statistically significant associations were found between high plasma level of\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> and diagnosed rheumatic disease (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001) as well as with the prevalence of non\u2010smokers\u00a0(<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.034). Thus, albeit the plasma level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FURIN<\/jats:styled-content> does not predict the severity of infectious disease, it may be of use in the diagnostics of autoimmune diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,8]],"date-time":"2015-09-08T10:14:53Z","timestamp":1441707293000},"page":"539-546","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["The Plasma Level of Proprotein Convertase <scp>FURIN<\/scp> in Patients with Suspected Infection in the Emergency Room: A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"N.","family":"Ranta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunoregulation BioMediTech University of Tampere Tampere Finland"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Tampere Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Turpeinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunoregulation BioMediTech University of Tampere Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Oksanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunoregulation BioMediTech University of Tampere Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"H\u00e4m\u00e4l\u00e4inen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunoregulation BioMediTech University of Tampere Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Huttunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Uusitalo\u2010Sepp\u00e4l\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases Satakunta Central Hospital Pori Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Rintala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hospital Hygiene &amp; Infection Control Turku University Hospital Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Aittoniemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fimlab Laboratories Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Pesu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunoregulation BioMediTech University of Tampere Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Fimlab Laboratories Tampere Finland"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra021333"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208623"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-007-0934-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc2175"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2011.600325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-4679(99)00135-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-009-1402-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.05-5491rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1389202911314050010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm934"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M703847200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.34523"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-09-3824"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1401629"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07210"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1232578"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2012.02569.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2012.677061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0053661"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.101.6.1481"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-11-124"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034511421200"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mt.2011.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2012.1"}],"container-title":["Scandinavian Journal of Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fsji.12386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/sji.12386","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T13:18:15Z","timestamp":1695475095000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/sji.12386"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/sji.12386"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/sji.12386","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0300-9475","1365-3083"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0300-9475","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3083","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2015-06-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-08-26","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-10-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}