{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T17:35:19Z","timestamp":1782322519241,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,11]],"date-time":"2016-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Icelandic College of Rheumatology"},{"name":"University Hospital of Iceland"},{"name":"The University of Iceland"},{"name":"The Student Innovation Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate whether complement activation, via the classical and alternative pathways, occurs following a cemented total hip replacement (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">THR<\/jats:styled-content>) surgery due to osteoarthritis. Blood samples were collected systematically from 12 patients \u2013 six male and six women, with a median age of 75 (range: 59\u201390\u00a0years) \u2013 preoperatively, 6\u00a0h post\u2010operatively and on the first, second and third post\u2010operative day. Total function of classical (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>50) and alternative pathways (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content>50) was evaluated, along with the determination of serum concentrations of the complement proteins C3, C4, C3d, the soluble terminal complement complex (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sTCC<\/jats:styled-content>) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sC<\/jats:styled-content>5b\u20109, as well as C\u2010reactive protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>) and albumin. Measurements of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content> and albumin levels elucidated a marked inflammatory response following the operation. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>50, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AH<\/jats:styled-content>50 and C3 and C4 levels were significantly lower 6\u00a0h after the surgery compared with the preoperative levels, but elevated above the preoperative levels during the following 3\u00a0days. The complement activation product C3d levels increased continually during the whole observation period, from 13.5\u00a0AU\/ml (range: 8\u201319\u00a0AU\/ml) preoperative to 20\u00a0AU\/ml (range: 12\u201334\u00a0AU\/ml) on the third post\u2010operative day. Furthermore, we observed an increase in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">sC<\/jats:styled-content>5b\u20109 levels between the preoperative and the third post\u2010operative day. These results demonstrate a significant activation of the complement system following cemented <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">THR<\/jats:styled-content>. Further studies are needed to elucidate the time frame and the pathogenic role of this observed complement activation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,4]],"date-time":"2016-01-04T10:12:24Z","timestamp":1451902344000},"page":"219-224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Activation of Complement Following Total Hip Replacement"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"83","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Thordardottir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Landspitali \u2010 University Hospital Reykjavik Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Vikingsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology Landspitali \u2010 University Hospital Reykjavik 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