{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:38:29Z","timestamp":1790249909989,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,30]],"date-time":"2017-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1490832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cutaneous leishmaniasis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content>) heals spontaneously within several weeks or months, but, in rare cases, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010active lesions last for many years. In this study, we assessed cell\u2010mediated immunity in non\u2010healing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> through the measurement of three pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines: Interferon\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017a and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CXCL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201011. For this, 32 patients afflicted with healing or non\u2010healing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CL<\/jats:styled-content> were recruited in this study. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s) of every patient were treated with three antigens: purified protein derivative (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content>), soluble <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> antigen (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLA<\/jats:styled-content>) and phytohaemagglutinin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHA<\/jats:styled-content>). Cytokine quantification was performed using enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ELISA<\/jats:styled-content>) method. Results of our study showed that neither cytokine produced in the presence of a <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PPD<\/jats:styled-content> stimulator (as an irrelevant antigen) significantly differed between the healing and non\u2010healing groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value \u22650.05 for all of them). However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> CXCL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201011 and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017a levels produced in the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PHA<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLA<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly higher within the healing than in the non\u2010healing group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value &lt;0.01 for all of them). It seems that appropriate levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, as well as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017a and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CXCL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201011, contribute to the control of <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,7]],"date-time":"2017-02-07T07:53:22Z","timestamp":1486454002000},"page":"291-299","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Comparison of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines of non\u2010healing and healing cutaneous leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"85","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Moafi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Science Bu\u2010Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Rezvan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Science Bu\u2010Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Sherkat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Taleban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Asilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Skin Diseases and Leishmaniasis Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Hamid Zarkesh\u2010Esfahani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Isfahan Isfahan Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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