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India represents the second largest pool of chronic <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infections with an estimated 40 million chronically infected patients. Persistence or clearance of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> infection mainly depends upon host immune responses. Chronically infected individuals remain in immune tolerant phase unless <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> flares and leads to the development of chronic active hepatitis or acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver failure. Strategies based on inhibition of viral replication (nucleoside analogues) or immune modulation (interferons) as monotherapy, or in combination in sequential therapies, are currently being used globally for reducing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> viral load and mediating <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>sAg clearance. However, the immune status and current therapies for promoting sustained virological responses in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected patients remain suboptimal. Elimination of ccc<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> is major challenge for future therapies, and new molecules such as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NTCP<\/jats:styled-content>, Toll\u2010like receptor (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TLR<\/jats:styled-content>)7 agonist (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GS<\/jats:styled-content>9620) and cyclophilin have emerged as potential targets for preventing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> entry and replication. Other than these, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HBV<\/jats:styled-content> ccc<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> elimination is the major target for future therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12553","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,7]],"date-time":"2017-04-07T15:35:29Z","timestamp":1491579329000},"page":"4-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Immune balance in Hepatitis B Infection: Present and Future Therapies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"A. 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