{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T10:32:54Z","timestamp":1762079574232,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002660","name":"Islamic Azad University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002660","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Visceral leishmaniasis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VL<\/jats:styled-content>) is caused by <jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic> in the Mediterranean basin and affects primarily children and immunosuppressed individuals. Various strategies of vaccination have so far been examined by either protein or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> without achievable complete protection against the disease. The live non\u2010pathogenic lizard parasite, <jats:italic>Leishmania tarentolae<\/jats:italic>, expressing elected <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> antigens has recently provided a promising new approach as a safe and effective live vaccine candidate to prevent leishmaniasis. Here, we evaluated the immunoprotective potential of a live recombinant <jats:italic>L.\u00a0tarentolae<\/jats:italic> expressing Lipophosphoglycan 3 (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LPG<\/jats:styled-content>3) antigen against <jats:italic>L.\u00a0infantum<\/jats:italic> infection in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BALB<\/jats:styled-content>\/c mice. Results indicated that the administration of live recombinant <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> produced a significant high level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> accompanied by reduced levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 as compared to wild\u2010type parasites as live vaccine control, thus suggesting the induction of a Th1\u2010type immune response in a mouse model of visceral leishmaniasis. Analysis of the IgG antibody response also showed high levels of IgG2a relative to IgG1 in sera of mice immunized with recombinant <jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic> parasites. However, immune responses elicited by this live vaccine conferred partial protection against infectious challenge. Therefore, further studies are required to increase its protective efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12557","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]],"date-time":"2017-04-20T14:02:51Z","timestamp":1492696971000},"page":"15-22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A Non\u2010pathogenic Recombinant <i>Leishmania<\/i> Expressing Lipophosphoglycan 3 Against Experimental Infection with <i>Leishmania infantum<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4286-7107","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Pirdel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences Ardabil Branch Islamic Azad University Ardabil Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Farajnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drug Applied Research Center Tabriz University of Medical 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