{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:34:47Z","timestamp":1788471287411,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,15]],"date-time":"2017-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1497484800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNPq n\u00b012\/2009, Process n\u00b0 019.203.02712\/2009\u20108"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNPq n\u00b012\/2009, Process n\u00b0 019.203.02712\/2009\u20108"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Scand J Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>It is well established that helper T cell responses influence resistance or susceptibility to Mycobacterium leprae<\/jats:italic> infection, but the role of more recently described helper T cell subsets in determining severity is less clear. To investigate the involvement of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of leprosy, we determined the immune profile with variant presentations of leprosy. Firstly, IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A, IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201010 were evaluated in conjunction with CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup> T cell staining by confocal microscopy of lesion biopsies from tuberculoid (TT<\/jats:styled-content>) and lepromatous leprosy (LL<\/jats:styled-content>) patients. Secondly, inflammatory cytokines were measured by multiplex assay of serum samples from Multibacillary (MB<\/jats:styled-content>, n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a028) and Paucibacillary (PB<\/jats:styled-content>, n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a023) patients and household contacts (HHC<\/jats:styled-content>, n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a023). Patients with leprosy were also evaluated for leprosy reaction occurrence: LR<\/jats:styled-content>+ (n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a08) and LR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 (n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a020). Finally, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were analysed by flow cytometry used to determine the phenotype of cytokine\u2010producing cells. Lesions from TT<\/jats:styled-content> patients were found to have more CD<\/jats:styled-content>4+<\/jats:sup>IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A+<\/jats:sup> cells than those from LL<\/jats:styled-content> patients. Higher concentrations of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201017A and IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20101\u03b2<\/jats:italic> were observed in serum from PB<\/jats:styled-content> than MB<\/jats:styled-content> patients. The highest serum IFN<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010\u03b3<\/jats:italic> concentrations were, however, detected in sera from MB<\/jats:styled-content> patients that developed leprosy reactions (MB LR<\/jats:styled-content>+<\/jats:sup>). Together, these results indicate that Th1 cells were associated with both the PB<\/jats:styled-content> presentation and also with leprosy reactions. In contrast, Th17 cells were associated with an effective inflammatory response that is present in the PB<\/jats:styled-content> forms but were not predictive of leprosy reactions in MB<\/jats:styled-content> patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12558","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]],"date-time":"2017-04-20T13:58:50Z","timestamp":1492696730000},"page":"40-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Distinct Roles of Th17 and Th1 Cells in Inflammatory Responses Associated with the Presentation of Paucibacillary Leprosy and Leprosy Reactions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9962-6537","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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L.","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Sao Cristovao Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. L. B.","family":"Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Sao Cristovao Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. B.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Sao Cristovao Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. R.","family":"Faria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biologia das Intera\u00e7\u00f5es Celulares Department of Morphology Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. do V.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Sao Cristovao Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. S.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (FMRP\u2010USP) Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. 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