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The objective of this study was to investigate IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS<\/jats:styled-content>) and explore the roles of IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 in the pathogenesis of pSS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Thirty\u2010four hospitalized patients with pSS<\/jats:styled-content> were recruited, and 34 volunteers were enrolled as healthy controls. An ELISA<\/jats:styled-content> was adopted to measure plasma IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels. The levels of P35 and EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>s in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC<\/jats:styled-content>s) were determined using real\u2010time quantitative PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. The percentage of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0T cells and CD<\/jats:styled-content>19\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0B cells was analysed using flow cytometry. Correlations between IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels, P35 and EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content>s, numbers of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0T cells, CD<\/jats:styled-content>19\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0B cells and clinical parameters were analysed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Significantly lower plasma IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels, P35 and EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> levels, and percentages of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0T cells but increased percentages of CD<\/jats:styled-content>19\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0B cells were observed in patients with pSS<\/jats:styled-content> than in healthy controls. IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels, EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression and the percentage of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0T cells exhibited negative correlations with the ESSDAI<\/jats:styled-content> score, whereas levels of the IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 protein and EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3 mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> were negatively correlated with the ESR<\/jats:styled-content>. Patients who were positive for anti\u2010SSB<\/jats:styled-content> antibodies presented with lower IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels and percentages of CD<\/jats:styled-content>4\u00a0+\u00a0EBI<\/jats:styled-content>3\u00a0+\u00a0T cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>Based on these results, a decrease in the IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 levels may play an important role in the pathogenesis of pSS<\/jats:styled-content>. IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u201035 may act as a potential therapeutic agent against inflammation in patients with pSS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,22]],"date-time":"2018-09-22T13:17:19Z","timestamp":1537622239000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Aberrant IL<\/scp>\u201035 levels in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"88","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1765-3131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnosis Changhai Hospital Second Military Medical University Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingli","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Diagnosis Changhai 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