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Polymorphic characters in the gene encoding Toll\u2010like receptors (TLRs) play profound roles in inducing differential immune responses by the host against parasitic infections. Protein(s) encoded by TLR gene(s) are immensely important due to their ability of recognizing different types of pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). This study reviews the polymorphic residues present in the nucleotide or in the amino acid sequence of TLRs and their influence on alteration of inflammatory signalling pathways promoting either susceptibility or resistance to major infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, leishmaniasis, malaria and filariasis. Population\u2010based studies exploring TLR polymorphisms in humans are primarily emphasized to discuss the association of the polymorphic residues with the occurrence and epidemiology of the mentioned infectious diseases. Principal polymorphic residues in TLRs influencing immunity to infection are mostly single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). I602S (TLR1), R677W (TLR2), P554S (TLR3), D299G (TLR4), F616L (TLR5), S249P (TLR6), Q11L (TLR7), M1V (TLR8), G1174A (TLR9) and G1031T (TLR10) are presented as the major influential SNPs in shaping immunity to pathogenic infections. The contribution of these SNPs in the structure\u2010function relationship of TLRs is yet not clear. Therefore, molecular studies on such polymorphisms can improve our understanding on the genetic basis of the immune response and pave the way for therapeutic intervention in a more feasible way.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12771","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T10:09:32Z","timestamp":1557137372000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":217,"title":["Toll\u2010like receptor polymorphism in host immune response to infectious diseases: A review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Suprabhat","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science Kazi Nazrul University Asansol India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahel","family":"Huda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies) Visva\u2010Bharati University Santiniketan India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7441-6426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santi P.","family":"Sinha Babu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology (Centre for Advanced Studies) Visva\u2010Bharati University Santiniketan India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.Global tuberculosis report 2015. 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