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Although great progress has been made in the treatment of RA with antagonists of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines such as TNF\u2010\u03b1, IL\u20106 and IL\u20101, the disease remains refractory in some patients. Previous studies have found that small\u2010molecule inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, lipoxins and platelet\u2010activating factor, play a significant role in the development of RA. Such compounds help to induce, maintain or reduce inflammation and could therefore be potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we describe the roles of various classes of small\u2010molecule inflammatory mediators in RA and discuss the effects of some drugs that modulate their activity. Many drugs targeting these mediators have demonstrated good efficacy in mouse models of RA but not in patients. However, it is clear that many small\u2010molecule inflammatory mediators play key roles in the pathogenesis of RA, and a better understanding of the underlying molecular pathways may assist in the development of targeted therapies that are efficacious in RA patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.12982","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,7]],"date-time":"2020-10-07T03:53:31Z","timestamp":1602042811000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["The roles of small\u2010molecule inflammatory mediators in rheumatoid arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0720-3188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Clinic Medicine The Second 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