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In these studies, it was also observed that antigen\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells migrated out of the gut biopsies during overnight culture. The findings are suggestive of memory T cells in tissue which are resident, but which also can be mobilised on antigen stimulation. Of note, these findings were made years before the term tissue\u2010resident memory T cells was invoked. Since that time, many observations have accumulated on these gut T cells, particularly the gluten\u2010specific T cells, and we have insight into the turnover of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells in the gut lamina propria. These data make it evident that human antigen\u2010specific CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T cells that can be cultured from gut biopsies indeed are <jats:italic>bone fide<\/jats:italic> tissue\u2010resident memory T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.13120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T10:40:21Z","timestamp":1637318421000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Gut tissue\u2010resident memory T cells in coeliac disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8860-704X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ludvig M.","family":"Sollid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KG Jebsen Coeliac Disease Research Centre Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway"},{"name":"Department of Immunology Oslo University Hospital Oslo 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