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This pathogen infects humans and other animals, responsible for the most widespread zoonosis in the world, estimated to be responsible for 60\u2009000 deaths and 1 million cases per year. To date, commercial vaccines against human leptospirosis are available only in some countries such as Japan, China, Cuba and France. These vaccines prepared with inactivated <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> (bacterins) induce a short\u2010term and serovar\u2010specific immune response, with strong adverse side effects. To circumvent these limitations, several research groups are investigating new experimental vaccines in order to ensure that they are safe, efficient, and protect against several pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars, inducing sterilizing immunity. Most of these protocols use attenuated cultures, preparations after LPS removal, recombinant proteins or DNA from pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> spp. The aim of this review was to highlight several promising vaccine candidates, considering their immunogenicity, presence in different pathogenic <jats:italic>Leptospira<\/jats:italic> serovars, their role in virulence or immune evasion and other factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/sji.13316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T04:40:02Z","timestamp":1691469602000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Human leptospirosis: In search for a better vaccine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Isabela Resende","family":"Azevedo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences University of S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo 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